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2021-10-08

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September Payrolls Preview: It Will Be A Beat, The Question Is How Big<blockquote>9月就业预览：这将是一个节拍，问题是有多大</blockquote>

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And unlike last month, when wecorrectly predicted the big miss in August payrolls, this time we agree that tomorrow's report will be a beat, the only question is how big.<blockquote>在强劲的首次申请失业救济报告和稳健的ADP私人就业数据之后，所有人的目光都转向了本周和本月最重要的经济数据点，即美国东部时间周五上午830点发布的周五非农就业报告，市场普遍预计非农就业报告将达到50万份——是上个月令人失望的23.5万份的两倍多——失业率降至5.1%，平均时薪增加至4.6%。与上个月不同的是，当我们正确预测8月份就业人数将大幅下降时，这次我们同意明天的报告将是一个节拍，唯一的问题是幅度有多大。</blockquote> Here is a snapshot of what to expect tomorrow:<blockquote>以下是明天的快照：</blockquote> <ul> <li>Total Payrolls: 500K, Last 235K</li> <li>Private Payrolls: 450K, Last 243K</li> <li>Unemployment Rate: 5.1%, Last 5.2%</li> <li>Labor force participation rate: 61.8%, Last 61.7%</li> <li>Average Hourly Earnings Y/Y: 4.6%, Last 4.3%</li> <li>Average Weekly Hours: 34.7, Last 34.7</li> </ul> As&nbsp;Newsquawk&nbsp;writes in its NFP preview, September’s jobs data, the last before the Fed’s November 3rd policy meeting, will be framed in the context of the central bank’s expected taper announcement, where a merely satisfactory report would likely to be enough for the FOMC to greenlight a November announcement to scale-back its USD 120BN/month asset purchases.<blockquote><ul><li>总就业人数：50万，最后23.5万</li><li>私人就业人数：45万，最新24.3万</li><li>失业率：5.1%，去年5.2%</li><li>劳动参与率：61.8%，上次61.7%</li><li>平均时薪同比：4.6%，过去4.3%</li><li>平均每周工作时间：34.7，最后34.7</li></ul>正如Newsquawk在其NFP预览中所写，9月份的就业数据是美联储11月3日政策会议之前的最后一份数据，将在美联储预期宣布缩减规模的背景下进行，在这种背景下，一份令人满意的报告可能足以让FOMC批准11月份宣布缩减每月1200亿美元的资产购买规模。</blockquote> Goldman economists are more bullish than normal, and estimate nonfarm payrolls rose 600k in September, above consensus of +500k, and they note that \"labor demand remains very strong,&nbsp;and we believe the nationwide expiration of enhanced unemployment beneﬁts on September 5 boosted effective labor supply and job growth—as it did in July and August in states that ended federal beneﬁts early.\"As a result, Goldman is assuming a 200k boost in tomorrow’s numbers and a larger boost in October. The bank also believes the reopening of schools contributed to September job growth, by around 150k. Despite these tailwinds, Big Data employment signals were mixed, and dining activity rebounded only marginally.<blockquote>高盛经济学家比正常情况更加乐观，预计9月份非农就业人数增加60万，高于市场普遍预期的+50万，他们指出“劳动力需求仍然非常强劲，我们相信，9月5日全国范围内强化失业救济金到期，提振了有效劳动力供应和就业增长——就像7月和8月提前结束联邦救济金的州所做的那样。”因此，高盛预计明天的人数将增加20万，10月份的增幅更大。该银行还认为，学校的重新开放促进了9月份就业增长约15万人。尽管有这些有利因素，但大数据就业信号好坏参半，餐饮活动仅小幅反弹。</blockquote> Labor market proxies have been constructive for the month: ADP’s gauge of payrolls surprised to the upside, although analysts continue to note that the direct relationship between the official data and the ADP’s gauge is tenuous, despite the gap being under 100k over the last three reports. The number of initial jobless claims and continuing claims has eased back between the survey periods of the August and September jobs data, although analysts note that more recent releases have shown an uptick in claims potentially clouding the outlook. The ISM business surveys have signaled employment growth in the month, with manufacturing employment rising into growth territory again, but services sector hiring cooled a little in the month, but remains expansionary; survey commentary continues to allude to a tight labour market. The Bureau of Labor Statistics will release the September employment situation report at 13:30BST/08:30EDT on October 8th.<blockquote>本月劳动力市场指标一直具有建设性：ADP的就业数据出人意料地上升，尽管分析师继续指出，官方数据与ADP数据之间的直接关系很脆弱，尽管过去三份报告的差距低于10万。在8月和9月就业数据调查期间，首次申请失业救济人数和持续申请失业救济人数有所回落，尽管分析师指出，最近发布的数据显示申请失业救济人数上升可能会给前景蒙上阴影。ISM商业调查显示本月就业增长，制造业就业再次升至增长区域，但服务业招聘本月略有降温，但仍保持扩张；调查评论继续暗示劳动力市场紧张。美国劳工统计局将于10月8日13:30 BST/08：30EDT发布9月就业形势报告。</blockquote> POLICY: The September jobs report might have reduced relevance on trading conditions given that Fed officials have effectively confirmed that, barring a collapse in the jobs data, it is on course to announce a tapering of its asset purchases at the November 3rd meeting. Accordingly, trading risks may be skewed to the downside, rather than to the upside, where a significant payrolls miss may present obstacles to the Fed announcing its taper. Additionally, it is worth being cognizant of how efforts in Washington to raise the debt ceiling are progressing; as yet, officials have not struck a deal, and are in the process of enacting stop gap legislation to allow funding into December; some analysts suggest that the Fed may be reticent to tighten policy in the face of potential default risks.<blockquote>政策：鉴于美联储官员实际上已经确认，除非就业数据崩溃，否则美联储将在11月3日的会议上宣布缩减资产购买规模，9月份就业报告可能会降低对交易状况的相关性。因此，交易风险可能偏向下行，而不是上行，就业人数大幅下降可能会给美联储宣布缩减规模带来障碍。此外，值得认识到华盛顿提高债务上限的努力进展如何；到目前为止，官员们尚未达成协议，正在制定权宜之计立法，以允许资金进入12月；一些分析师暗示，面对潜在的违约风险，美联储可能不愿收紧政策。</blockquote> PAYROLLS:The consensus looks for 500k nonfarm payrolls to be added to the US economy in September (prev. 235k), which would be a cooler rate of growth than the three- and six-month average rate, though in line with the 12-month average (3-month average is 750k/month, the six-month average is 653k/month, and the 12-month average is 503k/month – that technically at least suggests an improving rate of payrolls growth in recent months).Aggregating the nonfarm payrolls data since March 2020, around 5.33mln Americans remain out of work relative to pre-pandemic levels.<blockquote>工资单：市场普遍预计9月份美国经济将增加50万非农就业人数（上一篇。23.5万），这将低于三个月和六个月的平均增长率，尽管与12个月的平均增长率一致（3个月的平均增长率为75万/月，6个月的平均增长率为65.3万/月，12个月的平均增长率为50.3万/月——这至少在技术上表明最近几个月的就业增长率有所改善）。汇总2020年3月以来的非农就业数据，相对于大流行前的水平，约有533万美国人仍处于失业状态。</blockquote> MEASURES OF SLACK:The Unemployment Rate is expected at 5.1% (prev. 5.2%); Labour Force Participation previously at 61.7% vs 63.2% pre-pandemic; U6 measure of underemployment was previously at 8.8% vs 7.0% prepandemic; Employment-population ratio was previously 58.5% vs 61.1% pre-pandemic. These measures of slack are likely to provide more insight into how Fed officials are judging labour market progress, with many in recent months noting that they are closely watching the Underemployment Rate, Participation Rate, and the Employment-Population Ratio for a better handle on the level of slack that remains in the economy. Analysts would be encouraged the closer these get to pre-pandemic levels.<blockquote>松弛措施：失业率预计为5.1%（此前为5.2%）；劳动力参与率此前为61.7%，而疫情前为63.2%；U6衡量就业不足的指标此前为8.8%，而疫情前为7.0%；就业与人口比率之前为58.5%，而疫情之前为61.1%。这些宽松指标可能会让人们更深入地了解美联储官员如何判断劳动力市场的进展，许多人最近几个月指出，他们正在密切关注就业不足率、参与率和就业人口比率，以便更好地应对经济中仍然存在的宽松程度。这些数据越接近大流行前的水平，分析师就会受到鼓舞。</blockquote> EARNINGS:Average Hourly Earnings expected at +0.4% M/M (prev. +0.6%); Average Hourly Earnings expected at +4. 6% Y/Y (prev. +4.3%); Average Workweek Hours expected at 34.7hrs (prev. 34.7hrs). Aggregating the nonfarm payrolls data since March 2020, around 5.33mln Americans still remain out of work relative to pre-pandemic levels.<blockquote>收益：平均时薪预计为+0.4%M/M（前值为+0.6%）；平均时薪预计同比+4.6%（前值+4.3%）；平均每周工作时间预计为34.7小时（之前为34.7小时）。汇总2020年3月以来的非农就业数据，相对于大流行前的水平，仍有约533万美国人失业。</blockquote> ADP:The ADP National Employment Report showed 568k jobs added to the US economy in September, topping expectations for 428k, and a better pace than the prior 340k (revised down from 374k initially reported). ADP itself said that the labor market recovery continued to make progress despite the marked slowdown in the rate of job additions from the 748k pace seen in Q2. It also noted that Leisure &amp; Hospitality remained one of the biggest beneficiaries to the recovery, though said that hiring was still heavily impacted by the trajectory of the pandemic, especially for small firms. ADP thinks that the current bottlenecks in hiring will likely fade as the pandemic situation continues to improve, and that could set the stage for solid job gains in the months ahead. On the data methodology, analysts continue to note that ADP's model incorporates much of the prior official payrolls data, other macroeconomic variables, as well as data from its own payrolls platform; \"Payrolls were soft in August, thanks to the hit to the services sector from the Delta variant, and that weakness likely constrained ADP data,\" Pantheon Macroeconomics said. \"The overshoot to consensus, therefore, suggests that the other inputs to ADP’s model were stronger than we expected, but none of the details are published, so we don’t know if the overshoot was model-driven or due to stronger employment data at ADP’s clients.\"<blockquote>ADP：ADP全国就业报告显示，9月份美国经济新增就业岗位56.8万个，高于预期的42.8万个，好于之前的34万个（从最初报告的37.4万个下调）。ADP本身表示，尽管就业岗位新增速度较第二季度的74.8万个明显放缓，但劳动力市场复苏仍在继续取得进展。报告还指出，休闲和酒店业仍然是经济复苏的最大受益者之一，但表示招聘仍受到疫情轨迹的严重影响，尤其是对小企业而言。ADP认为，随着疫情形势的持续改善，当前的招聘瓶颈可能会消失，这可能为未来几个月的就业增长奠定基础。在数据方法方面，分析师继续指出，ADP的模型包含了许多之前的官方就业数据、其他宏观经济变量以及来自其自己的就业平台的数据；Pantheon Macroeconomics表示：“由于德尔塔变异毒株对服务业的打击，8月份就业人数疲软，这种疲软可能会限制ADP数据。”“因此，超出共识表明ADP模型的其他输入比我们预期的要强，但没有公布任何细节，因此我们不知道超出是模型驱动的还是由于就业数据更强劲在ADP的客户。”</blockquote> INITIAL JOBLESS CLAIMS:Initial jobless claims data for the week that coincides with the BLS jobs report survey window saw claims at around 351k – little changed from the 349k for the August jobs data survey window – where analysts said seasonal factors played a role in boosting the weekly data, while there may have been some lingering Hurricane Ida effects; the corresponding continuing claims data has fallen to 2.802mln in the September survey period vs 2.908mln in the August survey period. In aggregate, the data continues to point to declining trend, although in recent weeks the level of jobless claims has been picking up again.<blockquote>首次申请失业救济人数：与BLS就业报告调查窗口一致的当周首次申请失业救济人数约为35.1万人，与8月份就业数据调查窗口的34.9万人相比变化不大，分析师表示，季节性因素在提振每周数据方面发挥了作用，而飓风艾达可能会产生一些挥之不去的影响；9月份调查期间相应的持续申领数据已降至280.2万人，而8月份调查期间为290.8万人。总体而言，数据继续显示下降趋势，尽管最近几周初请失业金人数再次回升。</blockquote> BUSINESS SURVEYS: The Services and Manufacturing ISM reports showed divergent trends in September, with the service sector employment sub-index easing a little to 53.0 from 53.7, signalling growth but at a slower rate, while the manufacturing employment sub-index rose back into expansionary territory, printing 50.2 from 49.0 prior. On the manufacturing sector, ISM said companies were still struggling to meet labour-management plans, but noted some modest signs of progress compared to previous months: \"Less than 5% of comments noted improvements regarding employment, compared to none in August,\" it said, \"an overwhelming majority of panelists indicate their companies are hiring or attempting to hire,\" where around 85% of responses were about seeking additional staffing, while nearly half of the respondents expressed difficulty in filling positions, an increase from August. \"The increasing frequency of comments on turnover rates and retirements continued a trend that began in August,\" ISM said. Meanwhile, in the services sector, employment activity rose for a third straight month; respondents noted that employees were flocking to better-paying jobs and there was a lack of pipeline to replace these staff, while other respondents talked of labor shortages being experienced at all levels.<blockquote>商业调查：9月份服务业和制造业ISM报告显示出不同的趋势，服务业就业分项指数从53.7小幅放缓至53.0，表明增长但速度放缓，而制造业就业分项指数则回升至扩张区域，从之前的49.0升至50.2。在制造业方面，ISM表示，企业仍在努力实现劳资计划，但指出与前几个月相比出现了一些适度的进展迹象：“不到5%的评论指出就业方面有所改善，而8月份没有任何评论”它表示，“绝大多数小组成员表示他们的公司正在招聘或试图招聘”，其中约85%的回复是关于寻求额外人员，而近一半的受访者表示难以填补职位，比8月份有所增加。ISM表示：“有关离职率和退休的评论频率不断增加，延续了8月份开始的趋势。”与此同时，服务业就业活动连续第三个月上升；受访者指出，员工纷纷涌向薪酬更高的工作，并且缺乏替代这些员工的渠道，而其他受访者则谈到各个层面都存在劳动力短缺。</blockquote> ARGUING FOR A BETTER-THAN-EXPECTED REPORT:<blockquote>主张一份好于预期的报告：</blockquote> <ul> <li>End of federal enhanced unemployment beneﬁts. The expiration of federal beneﬁts in some states boosted labor supply and job-ﬁnding rates over the summer, and all remaining such programs expired on September 5. The July and August indicated a cumulative 6pp boost to job-ﬁnding probabilities from June to August for workers losing $300 top-up payments and a 12pp boost for workers losing all beneﬁts.Some of the 6mn workers who lost some or all beneﬁts on September 5 got a job by September 18—in time to be counted in tomorrow’s data.Goldman assumes a +200k boost to job growth from this channel, with a larger increase in subsequent reports (+1.3mn cumulatively by year end).</li> </ul> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/fa8e5900cf66c76d4b64055f84e58048\" tg-width=\"630\" tg-height=\"428\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"><blockquote><ul><li>联邦强化失业救济金结束一些州联邦福利的到期提振了夏季的劳动力供应和就业率，所有剩余的此类计划都于9月5日到期。7月和8月的数据显示，从6月到8月，失去300美元补充付款的工人的找工作概率累计增加了6个百分点，失去所有福利的工人的找工作概率增加了12个百分点。9月5日失去部分或全部福利的600万工人中，一些人在9月18日之前找到了工作——及时计入明天的数据。高盛假设这一渠道将促进就业增长+20万，在随后的报告中会有更大的增长（到年底累计+130万）。</li></ul></blockquote> <ul> <li>School reopening. The largest 100 school districts are all open for in-person learning, catalyzing the return of many previously furloughed teachers and support staff. While full normalization of employment levels would contribute 600k jobs (mom sa, see left panel of the chart below), some janitors and support staff did not return due to hybrid teaching models, and job openings in the sector are only 200k above the pre-crisis level (see right panel). Relatedly, the BLS’s seasonal factors already embed the usual rehiring of education workers on summer layoff, so if fewer janitors returned to work than in a typical September, this would reduce seasonally adjusted job growth, other things equal. Taken together, assume a roughly 150k boost from the reopening of schools in tomorrow’s report.</li> </ul> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ff3e69723b40e0d372ec2bebecb38b1f\" tg-width=\"799\" tg-height=\"376\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"><blockquote><ul><li>学校重新开学.最大的100个学区都开放了面对面学习，促进了许多以前休假的教师和辅助人员的回归。虽然就业水平完全正常化将创造60万个工作岗位（mom sa，见下图左图），但由于混合教学模式，一些看门人和辅助人员没有返回，该部门的职位空缺仅比危机前水平高出20万个（见右图）。与此相关的是，BLS的季节性因素已经嵌入了夏季裁员中通常重新雇用教育工作者的情况，因此，如果返回工作岗位的看门人比典型的9月份少，在其他条件相同的情况下，这将减少经季节性调整的就业增长。总而言之，假设明天的报告中学校重新开放将增加大约15万人。</li></ul></blockquote> <ul> <li>Job availability. The Conference Board labor differential—the difference between the percent of respondents saying jobs are plentiful and those saying jobs are hardto get - edged down to 42.5 from 44.4, still an elevated level. Additionally, JOLTS job openings increased by 749k in July to a new record high of 10.9mn.</li> <li>ADP.Private sector employment in the ADP report increased by 568k in September, above consensus expectations for a 430k gain, implying strong growth in the underlying ADP sample. Additionally, schools generally do not use ADP payroll software, arguing for a larger gain from school reopening in the official payroll measure.</li> </ul> ARGUING FOR A WEAKER-THAN-EXPECTED REPORT:<blockquote><ul><li>工作可用性世界大型企业联合会（Conference Board）的劳动力差异——表示工作岗位充足的受访者与表示工作岗位难以获得的受访者之间的差异——从44.4%小幅降至42.5%，仍处于较高水平。此外，7月份JOLTS职位空缺增加了74.9万个，创下1090万个的新高。</li><li>ADP.ADP报告中的私营部门就业人数在9月份增加了56.8万人，高于普遍预期的43万人，这意味着基础ADP样本的强劲增长。此外，学校通常不使用ADP工资软件，认为在官方工资措施中，学校重新开放会带来更大的收益。</li></ul>主张报告弱于预期：</blockquote> <ul> <li>Delta variant.Rebounding covid infection rates weighed on services consumption and the labor market in August. And while US case counts began to decline in early September, restaurant seatings on Open Table rebounded only marginally. leisure and hospitality employment rose in September, but probably not at the ~400k monthly pace of June and July.</li> <li>Employer surveys. The employment components of our business surveys were flat to down, whereas we and consensus forecast a pickup in job growth. Goldman's services survey employment tracker remained unchanged at 54.5 and the manufacturing survey employment tracker declined 0.4pt to 57.8. And while the Goldman Sachs Analyst Index (GSAI) decreased 0.8% to 68.5, the employment component rose1.9% to 71.9.</li> </ul> NEUTRAL FACTORS:<blockquote><ul><li>德尔塔变异毒株.8月份，covid感染率反弹给服务消费和劳动力市场带来压力。尽管美国病例数在9月初开始下降，但开放式餐桌上的餐厅座位仅小幅反弹。休闲和酒店业就业人数在9月份有所增加，但可能不会像6月和7月那样以每月约40万的速度增长。</li><li>雇主调查我们的商业调查的就业部分持平或下降，而我们和共识预测就业增长将会回升。高盛服务业调查就业跟踪指数维持在54.5不变，制造业调查就业跟踪指数下降0.4个百分点至57.8。高盛分析师指数(GSAI)下降0.8%至68.5，但就业指数上涨1.9%至71.9。</li></ul>中性因素：</blockquote> <ul> <li>Big Data.High-frequency data on the labor market were mixed between the August and September survey weeks, on net providing little guidance about the underlying pace of job growth. Three of the five measures tracked indicate an at-or-above-consensus gain (Census Small Business Pulse +0.5mn, ADP +0.6mn,Google mobility +2mn), but the Homebase data was an outlier to the downside. At face value, it would indicate a large outright decline in payrolls. The Census Household Pulse (-0.6mn) was also quite weak, though encouragingly, it also indicated a large drop in childcare-related labor supply headwinds as schools reopened.</li> <li>Seasonality.The September seasonal hurdle is relatively low: the BLS adjustment factors generally assume a 600-700k decline in private payrolls (which exclude public schools), compared to around -100k on average in July and August. Continued labor shortages encouraged firms to lay off fewer workers at the end of summer. Partially offsetting this tailwind, the September seasonal factors may have evolved unfavorably due to the crisis—specifically by fitting to last September’s reopening-driven job surge (private payrolls +932k mom sa).</li> <li>Jobless claims.Initial jobless claims fell during the September payroll month, averaging 339k per week vs. 378k in August despite a boost from individuals transitioning or attempting to transition to state programs. Across all employee programs including emergency benefits, continuing claims fell dramatically (-3.3mn)–but again for non-economic reasons (federal enhanced programs expired). Continuing claims in regular state programs decreased 106k from survey week to survey week.</li> <li>Job cuts.Announced layoffs reported by Challenger, Gray &amp; Christmas rebounded 11% month-over-month in September after decreasing by 14% over the prior two months (SA by GS). Nonetheless, layoffs remain near the three-decade low on this measure (in 1993).</li> </ul><blockquote><ul><li>大数据。在8月和9月的调查周期间，劳动力市场的高频数据好坏参半，对就业增长的基本速度几乎没有提供指导。跟踪的五项指标中有三项表明涨幅等于或高于共识（Census Small Business Pulse+0.5百万，ADP+0.6百万，Google mobility+200百万），但Homebase数据是下行的异常值。从表面上看，这将表明就业人数大幅下降。人口普查家庭脉搏（-60万）也相当弱，尽管令人鼓舞，但它也表明，随着学校重新开放，与儿童保育相关的劳动力供应阻力大幅下降。</li><li>季节性。9月的季节门槛比较低：BLS调整系数一般假定私人收入（不包括公立学校）下降60-700K，而7月和8月平均下降10万左右。持续的劳动力短缺鼓励企业在夏末减少裁员。部分抵消了这一顺风，9月份的季节性因素可能因危机而发生了不利的演变——特别是通过适应去年9月重新开放驱动的就业激增（私人就业人数+93.2万环比sa）。</li><li>申请失业救济。尽管个人过渡或试图过渡到州计划，但9月份首次申请失业救济人数有所下降，平均每周为33.9万人，而8月份为37.8万人。在包括紧急福利在内的所有员工计划中，持续索赔大幅下降（-330万），但也是出于非经济原因（联邦增强计划到期）。从一个调查周到另一个调查周，常规州项目的持续申请减少了10.6万。</li><li>裁员。Challenger、Gray&amp;Christmas报告的宣布裁员人数在前两个月下降14%后，9月份环比反弹11%（SA by GS）。尽管如此，根据这一指标，裁员仍接近30年来的最低点（1993年）。</li></ul></blockquote>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>September Payrolls Preview: It Will Be A Beat, The Question Is How Big<blockquote>9月就业预览：这将是一个节拍，问题是有多大</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nSeptember Payrolls Preview: It Will Be A Beat, The Question Is How Big<blockquote>9月就业预览：这将是一个节拍，问题是有多大</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\nzerohedge2021-10-08 14:38\n\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\nAfter a strong initial claims report and a solid ADP private payrolls print, all eyes turn to the most important economic data point of the week, and the month, Friday's nonfarm payrolls report due at 830am ET on Friday, where consensus expects a 500K print- more than double last month's disappointing 235K print - as well as a drop in the unemployment rate to 5.1% and an increase in average hourly earnings to 4.6%. And unlike last month, when wecorrectly predicted the big miss in August payrolls, this time we agree that tomorrow's report will be a beat, the only question is how big.<blockquote>在强劲的首次申请失业救济报告和稳健的ADP私人就业数据之后，所有人的目光都转向了本周和本月最重要的经济数据点，即美国东部时间周五上午830点发布的周五非农就业报告，市场普遍预计非农就业报告将达到50万份——是上个月令人失望的23.5万份的两倍多——失业率降至5.1%，平均时薪增加至4.6%。与上个月不同的是，当我们正确预测8月份就业人数将大幅下降时，这次我们同意明天的报告将是一个节拍，唯一的问题是幅度有多大。</blockquote> Here is a snapshot of what to expect tomorrow:<blockquote>以下是明天的快照：</blockquote> <ul> <li>Total Payrolls: 500K, Last 235K</li> <li>Private Payrolls: 450K, Last 243K</li> <li>Unemployment Rate: 5.1%, Last 5.2%</li> <li>Labor force participation rate: 61.8%, Last 61.7%</li> <li>Average Hourly Earnings Y/Y: 4.6%, Last 4.3%</li> <li>Average Weekly Hours: 34.7, Last 34.7</li> </ul> As&nbsp;Newsquawk&nbsp;writes in its NFP preview, September’s jobs data, the last before the Fed’s November 3rd policy meeting, will be framed in the context of the central bank’s expected taper announcement, where a merely satisfactory report would likely to be enough for the FOMC to greenlight a November announcement to scale-back its USD 120BN/month asset purchases.<blockquote><ul><li>总就业人数：50万，最后23.5万</li><li>私人就业人数：45万，最新24.3万</li><li>失业率：5.1%，去年5.2%</li><li>劳动参与率：61.8%，上次61.7%</li><li>平均时薪同比：4.6%，过去4.3%</li><li>平均每周工作时间：34.7，最后34.7</li></ul>正如Newsquawk在其NFP预览中所写，9月份的就业数据是美联储11月3日政策会议之前的最后一份数据，将在美联储预期宣布缩减规模的背景下进行，在这种背景下，一份令人满意的报告可能足以让FOMC批准11月份宣布缩减每月1200亿美元的资产购买规模。</blockquote> Goldman economists are more bullish than normal, and estimate nonfarm payrolls rose 600k in September, above consensus of +500k, and they note that \"labor demand remains very strong,&nbsp;and we believe the nationwide expiration of enhanced unemployment beneﬁts on September 5 boosted effective labor supply and job growth—as it did in July and August in states that ended federal beneﬁts early.\"As a result, Goldman is assuming a 200k boost in tomorrow’s numbers and a larger boost in October. The bank also believes the reopening of schools contributed to September job growth, by around 150k. Despite these tailwinds, Big Data employment signals were mixed, and dining activity rebounded only marginally.<blockquote>高盛经济学家比正常情况更加乐观，预计9月份非农就业人数增加60万，高于市场普遍预期的+50万，他们指出“劳动力需求仍然非常强劲，我们相信，9月5日全国范围内强化失业救济金到期，提振了有效劳动力供应和就业增长——就像7月和8月提前结束联邦救济金的州所做的那样。”因此，高盛预计明天的人数将增加20万，10月份的增幅更大。该银行还认为，学校的重新开放促进了9月份就业增长约15万人。尽管有这些有利因素，但大数据就业信号好坏参半，餐饮活动仅小幅反弹。</blockquote> Labor market proxies have been constructive for the month: ADP’s gauge of payrolls surprised to the upside, although analysts continue to note that the direct relationship between the official data and the ADP’s gauge is tenuous, despite the gap being under 100k over the last three reports. The number of initial jobless claims and continuing claims has eased back between the survey periods of the August and September jobs data, although analysts note that more recent releases have shown an uptick in claims potentially clouding the outlook. The ISM business surveys have signaled employment growth in the month, with manufacturing employment rising into growth territory again, but services sector hiring cooled a little in the month, but remains expansionary; survey commentary continues to allude to a tight labour market. The Bureau of Labor Statistics will release the September employment situation report at 13:30BST/08:30EDT on October 8th.<blockquote>本月劳动力市场指标一直具有建设性：ADP的就业数据出人意料地上升，尽管分析师继续指出，官方数据与ADP数据之间的直接关系很脆弱，尽管过去三份报告的差距低于10万。在8月和9月就业数据调查期间，首次申请失业救济人数和持续申请失业救济人数有所回落，尽管分析师指出，最近发布的数据显示申请失业救济人数上升可能会给前景蒙上阴影。ISM商业调查显示本月就业增长，制造业就业再次升至增长区域，但服务业招聘本月略有降温，但仍保持扩张；调查评论继续暗示劳动力市场紧张。美国劳工统计局将于10月8日13:30 BST/08：30EDT发布9月就业形势报告。</blockquote> POLICY: The September jobs report might have reduced relevance on trading conditions given that Fed officials have effectively confirmed that, barring a collapse in the jobs data, it is on course to announce a tapering of its asset purchases at the November 3rd meeting. Accordingly, trading risks may be skewed to the downside, rather than to the upside, where a significant payrolls miss may present obstacles to the Fed announcing its taper. Additionally, it is worth being cognizant of how efforts in Washington to raise the debt ceiling are progressing; as yet, officials have not struck a deal, and are in the process of enacting stop gap legislation to allow funding into December; some analysts suggest that the Fed may be reticent to tighten policy in the face of potential default risks.<blockquote>政策：鉴于美联储官员实际上已经确认，除非就业数据崩溃，否则美联储将在11月3日的会议上宣布缩减资产购买规模，9月份就业报告可能会降低对交易状况的相关性。因此，交易风险可能偏向下行，而不是上行，就业人数大幅下降可能会给美联储宣布缩减规模带来障碍。此外，值得认识到华盛顿提高债务上限的努力进展如何；到目前为止，官员们尚未达成协议，正在制定权宜之计立法，以允许资金进入12月；一些分析师暗示，面对潜在的违约风险，美联储可能不愿收紧政策。</blockquote> PAYROLLS:The consensus looks for 500k nonfarm payrolls to be added to the US economy in September (prev. 235k), which would be a cooler rate of growth than the three- and six-month average rate, though in line with the 12-month average (3-month average is 750k/month, the six-month average is 653k/month, and the 12-month average is 503k/month – that technically at least suggests an improving rate of payrolls growth in recent months).Aggregating the nonfarm payrolls data since March 2020, around 5.33mln Americans remain out of work relative to pre-pandemic levels.<blockquote>工资单：市场普遍预计9月份美国经济将增加50万非农就业人数（上一篇。23.5万），这将低于三个月和六个月的平均增长率，尽管与12个月的平均增长率一致（3个月的平均增长率为75万/月，6个月的平均增长率为65.3万/月，12个月的平均增长率为50.3万/月——这至少在技术上表明最近几个月的就业增长率有所改善）。汇总2020年3月以来的非农就业数据，相对于大流行前的水平，约有533万美国人仍处于失业状态。</blockquote> MEASURES OF SLACK:The Unemployment Rate is expected at 5.1% (prev. 5.2%); Labour Force Participation previously at 61.7% vs 63.2% pre-pandemic; U6 measure of underemployment was previously at 8.8% vs 7.0% prepandemic; Employment-population ratio was previously 58.5% vs 61.1% pre-pandemic. These measures of slack are likely to provide more insight into how Fed officials are judging labour market progress, with many in recent months noting that they are closely watching the Underemployment Rate, Participation Rate, and the Employment-Population Ratio for a better handle on the level of slack that remains in the economy. Analysts would be encouraged the closer these get to pre-pandemic levels.<blockquote>松弛措施：失业率预计为5.1%（此前为5.2%）；劳动力参与率此前为61.7%，而疫情前为63.2%；U6衡量就业不足的指标此前为8.8%，而疫情前为7.0%；就业与人口比率之前为58.5%，而疫情之前为61.1%。这些宽松指标可能会让人们更深入地了解美联储官员如何判断劳动力市场的进展，许多人最近几个月指出，他们正在密切关注就业不足率、参与率和就业人口比率，以便更好地应对经济中仍然存在的宽松程度。这些数据越接近大流行前的水平，分析师就会受到鼓舞。</blockquote> EARNINGS:Average Hourly Earnings expected at +0.4% M/M (prev. +0.6%); Average Hourly Earnings expected at +4. 6% Y/Y (prev. +4.3%); Average Workweek Hours expected at 34.7hrs (prev. 34.7hrs). Aggregating the nonfarm payrolls data since March 2020, around 5.33mln Americans still remain out of work relative to pre-pandemic levels.<blockquote>收益：平均时薪预计为+0.4%M/M（前值为+0.6%）；平均时薪预计同比+4.6%（前值+4.3%）；平均每周工作时间预计为34.7小时（之前为34.7小时）。汇总2020年3月以来的非农就业数据，相对于大流行前的水平，仍有约533万美国人失业。</blockquote> ADP:The ADP National Employment Report showed 568k jobs added to the US economy in September, topping expectations for 428k, and a better pace than the prior 340k (revised down from 374k initially reported). ADP itself said that the labor market recovery continued to make progress despite the marked slowdown in the rate of job additions from the 748k pace seen in Q2. It also noted that Leisure &amp; Hospitality remained one of the biggest beneficiaries to the recovery, though said that hiring was still heavily impacted by the trajectory of the pandemic, especially for small firms. ADP thinks that the current bottlenecks in hiring will likely fade as the pandemic situation continues to improve, and that could set the stage for solid job gains in the months ahead. On the data methodology, analysts continue to note that ADP's model incorporates much of the prior official payrolls data, other macroeconomic variables, as well as data from its own payrolls platform; \"Payrolls were soft in August, thanks to the hit to the services sector from the Delta variant, and that weakness likely constrained ADP data,\" Pantheon Macroeconomics said. \"The overshoot to consensus, therefore, suggests that the other inputs to ADP’s model were stronger than we expected, but none of the details are published, so we don’t know if the overshoot was model-driven or due to stronger employment data at ADP’s clients.\"<blockquote>ADP：ADP全国就业报告显示，9月份美国经济新增就业岗位56.8万个，高于预期的42.8万个，好于之前的34万个（从最初报告的37.4万个下调）。ADP本身表示，尽管就业岗位新增速度较第二季度的74.8万个明显放缓，但劳动力市场复苏仍在继续取得进展。报告还指出，休闲和酒店业仍然是经济复苏的最大受益者之一，但表示招聘仍受到疫情轨迹的严重影响，尤其是对小企业而言。ADP认为，随着疫情形势的持续改善，当前的招聘瓶颈可能会消失，这可能为未来几个月的就业增长奠定基础。在数据方法方面，分析师继续指出，ADP的模型包含了许多之前的官方就业数据、其他宏观经济变量以及来自其自己的就业平台的数据；Pantheon Macroeconomics表示：“由于德尔塔变异毒株对服务业的打击，8月份就业人数疲软，这种疲软可能会限制ADP数据。”“因此，超出共识表明ADP模型的其他输入比我们预期的要强，但没有公布任何细节，因此我们不知道超出是模型驱动的还是由于就业数据更强劲在ADP的客户。”</blockquote> INITIAL JOBLESS CLAIMS:Initial jobless claims data for the week that coincides with the BLS jobs report survey window saw claims at around 351k – little changed from the 349k for the August jobs data survey window – where analysts said seasonal factors played a role in boosting the weekly data, while there may have been some lingering Hurricane Ida effects; the corresponding continuing claims data has fallen to 2.802mln in the September survey period vs 2.908mln in the August survey period. In aggregate, the data continues to point to declining trend, although in recent weeks the level of jobless claims has been picking up again.<blockquote>首次申请失业救济人数：与BLS就业报告调查窗口一致的当周首次申请失业救济人数约为35.1万人，与8月份就业数据调查窗口的34.9万人相比变化不大，分析师表示，季节性因素在提振每周数据方面发挥了作用，而飓风艾达可能会产生一些挥之不去的影响；9月份调查期间相应的持续申领数据已降至280.2万人，而8月份调查期间为290.8万人。总体而言，数据继续显示下降趋势，尽管最近几周初请失业金人数再次回升。</blockquote> BUSINESS SURVEYS: The Services and Manufacturing ISM reports showed divergent trends in September, with the service sector employment sub-index easing a little to 53.0 from 53.7, signalling growth but at a slower rate, while the manufacturing employment sub-index rose back into expansionary territory, printing 50.2 from 49.0 prior. On the manufacturing sector, ISM said companies were still struggling to meet labour-management plans, but noted some modest signs of progress compared to previous months: \"Less than 5% of comments noted improvements regarding employment, compared to none in August,\" it said, \"an overwhelming majority of panelists indicate their companies are hiring or attempting to hire,\" where around 85% of responses were about seeking additional staffing, while nearly half of the respondents expressed difficulty in filling positions, an increase from August. \"The increasing frequency of comments on turnover rates and retirements continued a trend that began in August,\" ISM said. Meanwhile, in the services sector, employment activity rose for a third straight month; respondents noted that employees were flocking to better-paying jobs and there was a lack of pipeline to replace these staff, while other respondents talked of labor shortages being experienced at all levels.<blockquote>商业调查：9月份服务业和制造业ISM报告显示出不同的趋势，服务业就业分项指数从53.7小幅放缓至53.0，表明增长但速度放缓，而制造业就业分项指数则回升至扩张区域，从之前的49.0升至50.2。在制造业方面，ISM表示，企业仍在努力实现劳资计划，但指出与前几个月相比出现了一些适度的进展迹象：“不到5%的评论指出就业方面有所改善，而8月份没有任何评论”它表示，“绝大多数小组成员表示他们的公司正在招聘或试图招聘”，其中约85%的回复是关于寻求额外人员，而近一半的受访者表示难以填补职位，比8月份有所增加。ISM表示：“有关离职率和退休的评论频率不断增加，延续了8月份开始的趋势。”与此同时，服务业就业活动连续第三个月上升；受访者指出，员工纷纷涌向薪酬更高的工作，并且缺乏替代这些员工的渠道，而其他受访者则谈到各个层面都存在劳动力短缺。</blockquote> ARGUING FOR A BETTER-THAN-EXPECTED REPORT:<blockquote>主张一份好于预期的报告：</blockquote> <ul> <li>End of federal enhanced unemployment beneﬁts. The expiration of federal beneﬁts in some states boosted labor supply and job-ﬁnding rates over the summer, and all remaining such programs expired on September 5. The July and August indicated a cumulative 6pp boost to job-ﬁnding probabilities from June to August for workers losing $300 top-up payments and a 12pp boost for workers losing all beneﬁts.Some of the 6mn workers who lost some or all beneﬁts on September 5 got a job by September 18—in time to be counted in tomorrow’s data.Goldman assumes a +200k boost to job growth from this channel, with a larger increase in subsequent reports (+1.3mn cumulatively by year end).</li> </ul> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/fa8e5900cf66c76d4b64055f84e58048\" tg-width=\"630\" tg-height=\"428\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"><blockquote><ul><li>联邦强化失业救济金结束一些州联邦福利的到期提振了夏季的劳动力供应和就业率，所有剩余的此类计划都于9月5日到期。7月和8月的数据显示，从6月到8月，失去300美元补充付款的工人的找工作概率累计增加了6个百分点，失去所有福利的工人的找工作概率增加了12个百分点。9月5日失去部分或全部福利的600万工人中，一些人在9月18日之前找到了工作——及时计入明天的数据。高盛假设这一渠道将促进就业增长+20万，在随后的报告中会有更大的增长（到年底累计+130万）。</li></ul></blockquote> <ul> <li>School reopening. The largest 100 school districts are all open for in-person learning, catalyzing the return of many previously furloughed teachers and support staff. While full normalization of employment levels would contribute 600k jobs (mom sa, see left panel of the chart below), some janitors and support staff did not return due to hybrid teaching models, and job openings in the sector are only 200k above the pre-crisis level (see right panel). Relatedly, the BLS’s seasonal factors already embed the usual rehiring of education workers on summer layoff, so if fewer janitors returned to work than in a typical September, this would reduce seasonally adjusted job growth, other things equal. Taken together, assume a roughly 150k boost from the reopening of schools in tomorrow’s report.</li> </ul> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ff3e69723b40e0d372ec2bebecb38b1f\" tg-width=\"799\" tg-height=\"376\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"><blockquote><ul><li>学校重新开学.最大的100个学区都开放了面对面学习，促进了许多以前休假的教师和辅助人员的回归。虽然就业水平完全正常化将创造60万个工作岗位（mom sa，见下图左图），但由于混合教学模式，一些看门人和辅助人员没有返回，该部门的职位空缺仅比危机前水平高出20万个（见右图）。与此相关的是，BLS的季节性因素已经嵌入了夏季裁员中通常重新雇用教育工作者的情况，因此，如果返回工作岗位的看门人比典型的9月份少，在其他条件相同的情况下，这将减少经季节性调整的就业增长。总而言之，假设明天的报告中学校重新开放将增加大约15万人。</li></ul></blockquote> <ul> <li>Job availability. The Conference Board labor differential—the difference between the percent of respondents saying jobs are plentiful and those saying jobs are hardto get - edged down to 42.5 from 44.4, still an elevated level. Additionally, JOLTS job openings increased by 749k in July to a new record high of 10.9mn.</li> <li>ADP.Private sector employment in the ADP report increased by 568k in September, above consensus expectations for a 430k gain, implying strong growth in the underlying ADP sample. Additionally, schools generally do not use ADP payroll software, arguing for a larger gain from school reopening in the official payroll measure.</li> </ul> ARGUING FOR A WEAKER-THAN-EXPECTED REPORT:<blockquote><ul><li>工作可用性世界大型企业联合会（Conference Board）的劳动力差异——表示工作岗位充足的受访者与表示工作岗位难以获得的受访者之间的差异——从44.4%小幅降至42.5%，仍处于较高水平。此外，7月份JOLTS职位空缺增加了74.9万个，创下1090万个的新高。</li><li>ADP.ADP报告中的私营部门就业人数在9月份增加了56.8万人，高于普遍预期的43万人，这意味着基础ADP样本的强劲增长。此外，学校通常不使用ADP工资软件，认为在官方工资措施中，学校重新开放会带来更大的收益。</li></ul>主张报告弱于预期：</blockquote> <ul> <li>Delta variant.Rebounding covid infection rates weighed on services consumption and the labor market in August. And while US case counts began to decline in early September, restaurant seatings on Open Table rebounded only marginally. leisure and hospitality employment rose in September, but probably not at the ~400k monthly pace of June and July.</li> <li>Employer surveys. The employment components of our business surveys were flat to down, whereas we and consensus forecast a pickup in job growth. Goldman's services survey employment tracker remained unchanged at 54.5 and the manufacturing survey employment tracker declined 0.4pt to 57.8. And while the Goldman Sachs Analyst Index (GSAI) decreased 0.8% to 68.5, the employment component rose1.9% to 71.9.</li> </ul> NEUTRAL FACTORS:<blockquote><ul><li>德尔塔变异毒株.8月份，covid感染率反弹给服务消费和劳动力市场带来压力。尽管美国病例数在9月初开始下降，但开放式餐桌上的餐厅座位仅小幅反弹。休闲和酒店业就业人数在9月份有所增加，但可能不会像6月和7月那样以每月约40万的速度增长。</li><li>雇主调查我们的商业调查的就业部分持平或下降，而我们和共识预测就业增长将会回升。高盛服务业调查就业跟踪指数维持在54.5不变，制造业调查就业跟踪指数下降0.4个百分点至57.8。高盛分析师指数(GSAI)下降0.8%至68.5，但就业指数上涨1.9%至71.9。</li></ul>中性因素：</blockquote> <ul> <li>Big Data.High-frequency data on the labor market were mixed between the August and September survey weeks, on net providing little guidance about the underlying pace of job growth. Three of the five measures tracked indicate an at-or-above-consensus gain (Census Small Business Pulse +0.5mn, ADP +0.6mn,Google mobility +2mn), but the Homebase data was an outlier to the downside. At face value, it would indicate a large outright decline in payrolls. The Census Household Pulse (-0.6mn) was also quite weak, though encouragingly, it also indicated a large drop in childcare-related labor supply headwinds as schools reopened.</li> <li>Seasonality.The September seasonal hurdle is relatively low: the BLS adjustment factors generally assume a 600-700k decline in private payrolls (which exclude public schools), compared to around -100k on average in July and August. Continued labor shortages encouraged firms to lay off fewer workers at the end of summer. Partially offsetting this tailwind, the September seasonal factors may have evolved unfavorably due to the crisis—specifically by fitting to last September’s reopening-driven job surge (private payrolls +932k mom sa).</li> <li>Jobless claims.Initial jobless claims fell during the September payroll month, averaging 339k per week vs. 378k in August despite a boost from individuals transitioning or attempting to transition to state programs. Across all employee programs including emergency benefits, continuing claims fell dramatically (-3.3mn)–but again for non-economic reasons (federal enhanced programs expired). Continuing claims in regular state programs decreased 106k from survey week to survey week.</li> <li>Job cuts.Announced layoffs reported by Challenger, Gray &amp; Christmas rebounded 11% month-over-month in September after decreasing by 14% over the prior two months (SA by GS). Nonetheless, layoffs remain near the three-decade low on this measure (in 1993).</li> </ul><blockquote><ul><li>大数据。在8月和9月的调查周期间，劳动力市场的高频数据好坏参半，对就业增长的基本速度几乎没有提供指导。跟踪的五项指标中有三项表明涨幅等于或高于共识（Census Small Business Pulse+0.5百万，ADP+0.6百万，Google mobility+200百万），但Homebase数据是下行的异常值。从表面上看，这将表明就业人数大幅下降。人口普查家庭脉搏（-60万）也相当弱，尽管令人鼓舞，但它也表明，随着学校重新开放，与儿童保育相关的劳动力供应阻力大幅下降。</li><li>季节性。9月的季节门槛比较低：BLS调整系数一般假定私人收入（不包括公立学校）下降60-700K，而7月和8月平均下降10万左右。持续的劳动力短缺鼓励企业在夏末减少裁员。部分抵消了这一顺风，9月份的季节性因素可能因危机而发生了不利的演变——特别是通过适应去年9月重新开放驱动的就业激增（私人就业人数+93.2万环比sa）。</li><li>申请失业救济。尽管个人过渡或试图过渡到州计划，但9月份首次申请失业救济人数有所下降，平均每周为33.9万人，而8月份为37.8万人。在包括紧急福利在内的所有员工计划中，持续索赔大幅下降（-330万），但也是出于非经济原因（联邦增强计划到期）。从一个调查周到另一个调查周，常规州项目的持续申请减少了10.6万。</li><li>裁员。Challenger、Gray&amp;Christmas报告的宣布裁员人数在前两个月下降14%后，9月份环比反弹11%（SA by GS）。尽管如此，根据这一指标，裁员仍接近30年来的最低点（1993年）。</li></ul></blockquote>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n 来源：<a href=\"https://www.zerohedge.com/markets/september-payrolls-preview-it-will-be-beat-question-how-big\">zerohedge</a>\n为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{".SPX":"S&P 500 Index","SPY":"标普500ETF",".IXIC":"NASDAQ Composite",".DJI":"道琼斯"},"source_url":"https://www.zerohedge.com/markets/september-payrolls-preview-it-will-be-beat-question-how-big","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1135993400","content_text":"After a strong initial claims report and a solid ADP private payrolls print, all eyes turn to the most important economic data point of the week, and the month, Friday's nonfarm payrolls report due at 830am ET on Friday, where consensus expects a 500K print- more than double last month's disappointing 235K print - as well as a drop in the unemployment rate to 5.1% and an increase in average hourly earnings to 4.6%. And unlike last month, when wecorrectly predicted the big miss in August payrolls, this time we agree that tomorrow's report will be a beat, the only question is how big.\nHere is a snapshot of what to expect tomorrow:\n\nTotal Payrolls: 500K, Last 235K\nPrivate Payrolls: 450K, Last 243K\nUnemployment Rate: 5.1%, Last 5.2%\nLabor force participation rate: 61.8%, Last 61.7%\nAverage Hourly Earnings Y/Y: 4.6%, Last 4.3%\nAverage Weekly Hours: 34.7, Last 34.7\n\nAs Newsquawk writes in its NFP preview, September’s jobs data, the last before the Fed’s November 3rd policy meeting, will be framed in the context of the central bank’s expected taper announcement, where a merely satisfactory report would likely to be enough for the FOMC to greenlight a November announcement to scale-back its USD 120BN/month asset purchases.\nGoldman economists are more bullish than normal, and estimate nonfarm payrolls rose 600k in September, above consensus of +500k, and they note that \"labor demand remains very strong, and we believe the nationwide expiration of enhanced unemployment beneﬁts on September 5 boosted effective labor supply and job growth—as it did in July and August in states that ended federal beneﬁts early.\"As a result, Goldman is assuming a 200k boost in tomorrow’s numbers and a larger boost in October. The bank also believes the reopening of schools contributed to September job growth, by around 150k. Despite these tailwinds, Big Data employment signals were mixed, and dining activity rebounded only marginally.\nLabor market proxies have been constructive for the month: ADP’s gauge of payrolls surprised to the upside, although analysts continue to note that the direct relationship between the official data and the ADP’s gauge is tenuous, despite the gap being under 100k over the last three reports. The number of initial jobless claims and continuing claims has eased back between the survey periods of the August and September jobs data, although analysts note that more recent releases have shown an uptick in claims potentially clouding the outlook. The ISM business surveys have signaled employment growth in the month, with manufacturing employment rising into growth territory again, but services sector hiring cooled a little in the month, but remains expansionary; survey commentary continues to allude to a tight labour market. The Bureau of Labor Statistics will release the September employment situation report at 13:30BST/08:30EDT on October 8th.\nPOLICY: The September jobs report might have reduced relevance on trading conditions given that Fed officials have effectively confirmed that, barring a collapse in the jobs data, it is on course to announce a tapering of its asset purchases at the November 3rd meeting. Accordingly, trading risks may be skewed to the downside, rather than to the upside, where a significant payrolls miss may present obstacles to the Fed announcing its taper. Additionally, it is worth being cognizant of how efforts in Washington to raise the debt ceiling are progressing; as yet, officials have not struck a deal, and are in the process of enacting stop gap legislation to allow funding into December; some analysts suggest that the Fed may be reticent to tighten policy in the face of potential default risks.\nPAYROLLS:The consensus looks for 500k nonfarm payrolls to be added to the US economy in September (prev. 235k), which would be a cooler rate of growth than the three- and six-month average rate, though in line with the 12-month average (3-month average is 750k/month, the six-month average is 653k/month, and the 12-month average is 503k/month – that technically at least suggests an improving rate of payrolls growth in recent months).Aggregating the nonfarm payrolls data since March 2020, around 5.33mln Americans remain out of work relative to pre-pandemic levels.\nMEASURES OF SLACK:The Unemployment Rate is expected at 5.1% (prev. 5.2%); Labour Force Participation previously at 61.7% vs 63.2% pre-pandemic; U6 measure of underemployment was previously at 8.8% vs 7.0% prepandemic; Employment-population ratio was previously 58.5% vs 61.1% pre-pandemic. These measures of slack are likely to provide more insight into how Fed officials are judging labour market progress, with many in recent months noting that they are closely watching the Underemployment Rate, Participation Rate, and the Employment-Population Ratio for a better handle on the level of slack that remains in the economy. Analysts would be encouraged the closer these get to pre-pandemic levels.\nEARNINGS:Average Hourly Earnings expected at +0.4% M/M (prev. +0.6%); Average Hourly Earnings expected at +4. 6% Y/Y (prev. +4.3%); Average Workweek Hours expected at 34.7hrs (prev. 34.7hrs). Aggregating the nonfarm payrolls data since March 2020, around 5.33mln Americans still remain out of work relative to pre-pandemic levels.\nADP:The ADP National Employment Report showed 568k jobs added to the US economy in September, topping expectations for 428k, and a better pace than the prior 340k (revised down from 374k initially reported). ADP itself said that the labor market recovery continued to make progress despite the marked slowdown in the rate of job additions from the 748k pace seen in Q2. It also noted that Leisure & Hospitality remained one of the biggest beneficiaries to the recovery, though said that hiring was still heavily impacted by the trajectory of the pandemic, especially for small firms. ADP thinks that the current bottlenecks in hiring will likely fade as the pandemic situation continues to improve, and that could set the stage for solid job gains in the months ahead. On the data methodology, analysts continue to note that ADP's model incorporates much of the prior official payrolls data, other macroeconomic variables, as well as data from its own payrolls platform; \"Payrolls were soft in August, thanks to the hit to the services sector from the Delta variant, and that weakness likely constrained ADP data,\" Pantheon Macroeconomics said. \"The overshoot to consensus, therefore, suggests that the other inputs to ADP’s model were stronger than we expected, but none of the details are published, so we don’t know if the overshoot was model-driven or due to stronger employment data at ADP’s clients.\"\nINITIAL JOBLESS CLAIMS:Initial jobless claims data for the week that coincides with the BLS jobs report survey window saw claims at around 351k – little changed from the 349k for the August jobs data survey window – where analysts said seasonal factors played a role in boosting the weekly data, while there may have been some lingering Hurricane Ida effects; the corresponding continuing claims data has fallen to 2.802mln in the September survey period vs 2.908mln in the August survey period. In aggregate, the data continues to point to declining trend, although in recent weeks the level of jobless claims has been picking up again.\nBUSINESS SURVEYS: The Services and Manufacturing ISM reports showed divergent trends in September, with the service sector employment sub-index easing a little to 53.0 from 53.7, signalling growth but at a slower rate, while the manufacturing employment sub-index rose back into expansionary territory, printing 50.2 from 49.0 prior. On the manufacturing sector, ISM said companies were still struggling to meet labour-management plans, but noted some modest signs of progress compared to previous months: \"Less than 5% of comments noted improvements regarding employment, compared to none in August,\" it said, \"an overwhelming majority of panelists indicate their companies are hiring or attempting to hire,\" where around 85% of responses were about seeking additional staffing, while nearly half of the respondents expressed difficulty in filling positions, an increase from August. \"The increasing frequency of comments on turnover rates and retirements continued a trend that began in August,\" ISM said. Meanwhile, in the services sector, employment activity rose for a third straight month; respondents noted that employees were flocking to better-paying jobs and there was a lack of pipeline to replace these staff, while other respondents talked of labor shortages being experienced at all levels.\nARGUING FOR A BETTER-THAN-EXPECTED REPORT:\n\nEnd of federal enhanced unemployment beneﬁts. The expiration of federal beneﬁts in some states boosted labor supply and job-ﬁnding rates over the summer, and all remaining such programs expired on September 5. The July and August indicated a cumulative 6pp boost to job-ﬁnding probabilities from June to August for workers losing $300 top-up payments and a 12pp boost for workers losing all beneﬁts.Some of the 6mn workers who lost some or all beneﬁts on September 5 got a job by September 18—in time to be counted in tomorrow’s data.Goldman assumes a +200k boost to job growth from this channel, with a larger increase in subsequent reports (+1.3mn cumulatively by year end).\n\n\n\nSchool reopening. The largest 100 school districts are all open for in-person learning, catalyzing the return of many previously furloughed teachers and support staff. While full normalization of employment levels would contribute 600k jobs (mom sa, see left panel of the chart below), some janitors and support staff did not return due to hybrid teaching models, and job openings in the sector are only 200k above the pre-crisis level (see right panel). Relatedly, the BLS’s seasonal factors already embed the usual rehiring of education workers on summer layoff, so if fewer janitors returned to work than in a typical September, this would reduce seasonally adjusted job growth, other things equal. Taken together, assume a roughly 150k boost from the reopening of schools in tomorrow’s report.\n\n\n\nJob availability. The Conference Board labor differential—the difference between the percent of respondents saying jobs are plentiful and those saying jobs are hardto get - edged down to 42.5 from 44.4, still an elevated level. Additionally, JOLTS job openings increased by 749k in July to a new record high of 10.9mn.\nADP.Private sector employment in the ADP report increased by 568k in September, above consensus expectations for a 430k gain, implying strong growth in the underlying ADP sample. Additionally, schools generally do not use ADP payroll software, arguing for a larger gain from school reopening in the official payroll measure.\n\nARGUING FOR A WEAKER-THAN-EXPECTED REPORT:\n\nDelta variant.Rebounding covid infection rates weighed on services consumption and the labor market in August. And while US case counts began to decline in early September, restaurant seatings on Open Table rebounded only marginally. leisure and hospitality employment rose in September, but probably not at the ~400k monthly pace of June and July.\nEmployer surveys. The employment components of our business surveys were flat to down, whereas we and consensus forecast a pickup in job growth. Goldman's services survey employment tracker remained unchanged at 54.5 and the manufacturing survey employment tracker declined 0.4pt to 57.8. And while the Goldman Sachs Analyst Index (GSAI) decreased 0.8% to 68.5, the employment component rose1.9% to 71.9.\n\nNEUTRAL FACTORS:\n\nBig Data.High-frequency data on the labor market were mixed between the August and September survey weeks, on net providing little guidance about the underlying pace of job growth. Three of the five measures tracked indicate an at-or-above-consensus gain (Census Small Business Pulse +0.5mn, ADP +0.6mn,Google mobility +2mn), but the Homebase data was an outlier to the downside. At face value, it would indicate a large outright decline in payrolls. The Census Household Pulse (-0.6mn) was also quite weak, though encouragingly, it also indicated a large drop in childcare-related labor supply headwinds as schools reopened.\nSeasonality.The September seasonal hurdle is relatively low: the BLS adjustment factors generally assume a 600-700k decline in private payrolls (which exclude public schools), compared to around -100k on average in July and August. Continued labor shortages encouraged firms to lay off fewer workers at the end of summer. Partially offsetting this tailwind, the September seasonal factors may have evolved unfavorably due to the crisis—specifically by fitting to last September’s reopening-driven job surge (private payrolls +932k mom sa).\nJobless claims.Initial jobless claims fell during the September payroll month, averaging 339k per week vs. 378k in August despite a boost from individuals transitioning or attempting to transition to state programs. Across all employee programs including emergency benefits, continuing claims fell dramatically (-3.3mn)–but again for non-economic reasons (federal enhanced programs expired). Continuing claims in regular state programs decreased 106k from survey week to survey week.\nJob cuts.Announced layoffs reported by Challenger, Gray & Christmas rebounded 11% month-over-month in September after decreasing by 14% over the prior two months (SA by GS). Nonetheless, layoffs remain near the three-decade low on this measure (in 1993).","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{".SPX":0.9,".IXIC":0.9,".DJI":0.9,"SPY":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":292,"commentLimit":10,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"symbols":[],"verified":2,"subType":0,"readableState":1,"langContent":"CN","currentLanguage":"CN","warmUpFlag":false,"orderFlag":false,"shareable":true,"causeOfNotShareable":"","featuresForAnalytics":[],"commentAndTweetFlag":false,"andRepostAutoSelectedFlag":false,"upFlag":false,"length":4,"xxTargetLangEnum":"ZH_CN"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"isTiger":false,"isWeiXinMini":false,"url":"/m/post/821927424"}