Ben_the_King
2021-10-20
Becareful to enter, very risky if Novavax doesn't turn out to be as promising as the anticipation.
Novavax plunged over 20% in premarket trading<blockquote>Novavax盘前交易暴跌逾20%</blockquote>
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But the company has consistently run into production problems. The methods it used to test the purity of the vaccine have fallen short of regulators’ standards and the company has not been able to prove that it can produce a shot that is consistently up to snuff, according to multiple people familiar with Novavax’s difficulties. All spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive company conversations.</p><p><blockquote>美国政府在2020年向Novavax投资了16亿美元，这是当时向所有疫苗制造商投入的最多资金，希望它能为世界提供另一种安全有效的疫苗选择，以帮助预防Covid-19。但该公司一直遇到生产问题。据多位熟悉Novavax困难的人士透露，其用于测试疫苗纯度的方法未达到监管机构的标准，该公司也无法证明其能够生产出始终符合标准的疫苗。所有人都要求匿名，讨论敏感的公司对话。</blockquote></p><p> Although Novavax recently attested to some of its analytics and testing issues in aquarterly filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the company’s issues are more concerning than previously understood, according to two of the people with direct knowledge of the matter.</p><p><blockquote>据两位直接了解此事的人士透露，尽管Novavax最近在向美国证券交易委员会提交的季度文件中证实了其一些分析和测试问题，但该公司的问题比之前理解的更令人担忧。</blockquote></p><p> The Food and Drug Administration works out purity levels with each manufacturer according to June 2020 guidance for coronavirus vaccines, but it is generally understood that each vaccine batch should reach at least 90 percent. The company has struggled to attain anywhere close to that, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AONE.U\">one</a> of the people with direct knowledge of the situation said. Another person familiar with the company’s manufacturing process said Novavax has recently shown purity levels hovering around 70 percent. Low purity levels increase the chance that contaminants or unnecessary substances are in the final product, rendering the vaccine less effective or introducing the chance that patients could react to unknown ingredients.</p><p><blockquote>美国食品药品监督管理局根据2020年6月的冠状病毒疫苗指南，与每个制造商一起制定纯度水平，但普遍认为每个疫苗批次应至少达到90%。该公司一直在努力实现这一目标，<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AONE.U\">一</a>的直接了解情况的人说。另一位熟悉该公司制造工艺的人士表示，Novavax最近的纯度水平徘徊在70%左右。低纯度水平会增加最终产品中存在污染物或不必要物质的机会，从而降低疫苗的有效性或增加患者对未知成分产生反应的机会。</blockquote></p><p> COVAX, which recently downgraded its 2021 goal from 2 billion to 1.425 billion doses, has already estimated that it faces a supply shortfall of as many as 1 billion doses in its effort to vaccinate the developing world. If Novavax falters, it could double the deficit through 2022, leaving hundreds of millions of people without immunity against Covid-19 and extending the pandemic.</p><p><blockquote>COVAX最近将2021年的目标从20亿剂下调至14.25亿剂，并已经估计，在为发展中国家接种疫苗的努力中，它面临着多达10亿剂的供应短缺。如果Novavax步履蹒跚，到2022年赤字可能会增加一倍，使数亿人对Covid-19没有免疫力，并延长疫情。</blockquote></p><p> “COVAX continues to be challenged for adequate supply … in that context, Novavax’s manufacturing challenges and delays have been massively disruptive,” said Krishna Udayakumar, director of the <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DRE\">Duke</a> Global Health Innovation Center.</p><p><blockquote>“COVAX继续面临充足供应的挑战……在这种背景下，Novavax的制造挑战和延误具有巨大的破坏性，”<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DRE\">公爵</a>全球健康创新中心。</blockquote></p><p> The global coalition is already behind on hundreds of millions of planned doses this month, having shipped just 371 million of its 700 million dose target for October. It is now also at risk of missing its already downgraded 2021 target.</p><p><blockquote>全球联盟本月已经落后于数亿剂计划剂量，仅运送了10月份7亿剂目标中的3.71亿剂。它现在还面临着达不到已经下调的2021年目标的风险。</blockquote></p><p> Between Novavax and other manufacturers’ hurdles, “COVAX has had to scramble to revise its supply strategy significantly in real time,” Udayakumar said. As a result, global health groups are emphasizing more donations to cover immediate needs, he added.</p><p><blockquote>在Novavax和其他制造商的障碍之间，“COVAX不得不争先恐后地实时大幅修改其供应策略，”Udayakumar说。他补充说，因此，全球卫生组织强调提供更多捐款来满足眼前的需求。</blockquote></p><p> In a statement, Novavax Senior Vice President of Investor Relations and Corporate Affairs Silvia Taylor told POLITICO that the company’s analytical testing methods have been “validated” — but did not answer questions about whether the FDA had signed off on them. The company still plans on filing an emergency use authorization by the end of the year, Taylor said.</p><p><blockquote>Novavax投资者关系和公司事务高级副总裁Silvia Taylor在一份声明中告诉POLITICO，该公司的分析测试方法已经过“验证”，但没有回答有关FDA是否已批准这些方法的问题。泰勒说，该公司仍计划在今年年底前提交紧急使用授权。</blockquote></p><p> “The vaccine development and regulatory submission processes are highly complex and often require years to advance to the point where we are now. We will fulfill all of our committed doses both in the US and globally,” Taylor said.</p><p><blockquote>泰勒说：“疫苗开发和监管提交过程非常复杂，通常需要数年时间才能达到我们现在的水平。我们将在美国和全球范围内履行所有承诺的剂量。”</blockquote></p><p> The White House and the Department of Health and Human Services did not respond to multiple requests for comment.</p><p><blockquote>白宫和卫生与公众服务部没有回应多次置评请求。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> But three people familiar with the matter said they are not confident that the company has the resources needed to reproduce a high-quality vaccine on a consistent basis — a benchmark Novavax must meet before that time. Those same people said Novavax could potentially fix its manufacturing issues and reach full licensure by the end of 2022.</p><p><blockquote>但三位知情人士表示，他们不相信该公司拥有持续复制高质量疫苗所需的资源——Novavax在此之前必须达到的基准。这些人表示，Novavax可能会解决其制造问题，并在2022年底前获得全面许可。</blockquote></p><p> Novavax — which has never produced a vaccine before — declined to answer specific questions about its product’s purity levels and whether it had been successful in addressing its longstanding manufacturing issues.</p><p><blockquote>Novavax以前从未生产过疫苗，拒绝回答有关其产品纯度水平以及是否成功解决了长期存在的生产问题的具体问题。</blockquote></p><p> Unlike <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PFE\">Pfizer</a> and Moderna, the first manufacturers to launch vaccines using rapidly produced messenger RNA, Novavax is employing the previously used but complicated approach of creating the key ingredient with bug cells. While the process, which involves infecting the cells to produce spike proteins, is familiar to scientists, it is difficult to scale.</p><p><blockquote>不像<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PFE\">辉瑞</a>和Moderna是第一家使用快速产生的信使RNA推出疫苗的制造商，Novavax正在采用以前使用但复杂的方法，用细菌细胞制造关键成分。虽然科学家们对感染细胞产生刺突蛋白的过程很熟悉，但很难扩大规模。</blockquote></p><p> The revelations about Novavax’s continued manufacturing problems come at a time when only 36 percent of the world is vaccinated and as leaders of developing nations continue to pressure the U.S. to deliver more doses. In Africa alone, only 4.4 percent of the population is vaccinated.</p><p><blockquote>Novavax持续存在的生产问题被曝光之际，世界上只有36%的人接种了疫苗，而且发展中国家的领导人继续向美国施压，要求其提供更多剂量。仅在非洲，只有4.4%的人口接种了疫苗。</blockquote></p><p> That includes some of the continent’s most populous nations, like Nigeria and Uganda, where about 1 percent of citizens are fully vaccinated.</p><p><blockquote>这包括非洲大陆一些人口最多的国家，如尼日利亚和乌干达，这些国家约有1%的公民完全接种了疫苗。</blockquote></p><p> Novavax is just the latest vaccine maker to run into core production problems after promising to serve as a major vaccine contributor to the developing world. In April, Johnson & Johnsonhalted work at a Baltimore facilityrun by contract manufacturer <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/EBS\">Emergent BioSolutions</a> after it found that 15 million doses had been accidentally contaminated with ingredients from a separate Covid-19 vaccine.</p><p><blockquote>Novavax只是最新一家在承诺成为发展中国家主要疫苗供应商后遇到核心生产问题的疫苗制造商。四月，强生公司停止了巴尔的摩一家由合同制造商运营的工厂的工作<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/EBS\">新兴生物解决方案</a>在发现1500万剂疫苗意外被另一种Covid-19疫苗的成分污染后。</blockquote></p><p> J&J’s manufacturing process has been slow to recover, and to date it has produced just a fraction of the 200 million shots it initially pledged to COVAX by the end of the year, according to records kept by UNICEF.</p><p><blockquote>根据联合国儿童基金会保存的记录，强生公司的生产流程恢复缓慢，迄今为止，该公司仅生产了最初承诺在年底前向COVAX生产的2亿剂疫苗的一小部分。</blockquote></p><p> “Overpromising and underdelivering is the name of the game for these manufacturers,” said Asia Russell, executive director of international advocacy group Health GAP. “And that’s the infrastructure of the global response, which is terrifying.”</p><p><blockquote>国际倡导组织Health GAP的执行董事亚洲·拉塞尔(Asia Russell)表示：“承诺过多而兑现不足是这些制造商的游戏名称。”“这就是全球应对措施的基础设施，这太可怕了。”</blockquote></p><p> Unlike Johnson & Johnson, Novavax is a novice in the vaccine world. It has never successfully launched a vaccine, and had struggled financially prior to the pandemic. After a string of drug development failures, it sold its manufacturing facilities in 2019 — a deal that also included parting with 100 employees. In May of that year, Novavax’s stock price dropped as low as 36 cents per share.</p><p><blockquote>与强生不同，Novavax是疫苗界的新手。它从未成功推出疫苗，并且在大流行之前一直在财务上苦苦挣扎。在经历了一系列药物开发失败后，该公司于2019年出售了其生产设施，这笔交易还包括解雇100名员工。当年5月，Novavax股价曾一度跌至每股36美分。</blockquote></p><p> Yet the company’s fortunes shifted as Covid-19 took hold. Amid a scramble early in the pandemic to develop a range of vaccine candidates, the Trump administration awarded Novavax $1.6 billion to aid work on its Covid-19 shot — the largest deal given to any Covid-19 vaccine maker at that time.</p><p><blockquote>然而，随着Covid-19的出现，该公司的命运发生了变化。在大流行初期争相开发一系列候选疫苗的过程中，特朗普政府向Novavax提供了16亿美元，以帮助其开发Covid-19疫苗——这是当时向所有Covid-19疫苗制造商提供的最大一笔交易。</blockquote></p><p> The contract represented a major vote of confidence in Novavax’s capabilities — and a bet that appeared to pay off after late-stage trials showed the vaccine was 90 percent effective against the virus.</p><p><blockquote>该合同代表了对Novavax能力的重大信任票，在后期试验显示该疫苗对病毒的有效性为90%后，这一赌注似乎得到了回报。</blockquote></p><p> But even then, senior Trump administration officials on Operation Warp Speed — a group tasked with accelerating vaccine development — repeatedly warned the company that it risked running into problems in scaling up manufacturing of the shot, two people with direct knowledge of those discussions said.</p><p><blockquote>但两名直接了解这些讨论的人士表示，即便如此，负责加速疫苗开发的“曲速行动”（Operation Warp Speed）的特朗普政府高级官员也一再警告该公司，在扩大疫苗生产规模时可能会遇到问题。</blockquote></p><p> In particular, they worried that Novavax would have difficulty ensuring that the vaccine consistently met the FDA’s rigorous quality standards once the vaccine went into mass production — the exact problem that has now stymied the company for months.</p><p><blockquote>他们特别担心，一旦疫苗投入大规模生产，Novavax将难以确保疫苗始终符合FDA严格的质量标准——这正是困扰该公司数月的问题。</blockquote></p><p> “They rushed the process,” one of the people with knowledge of the matter said. “It’s hard to make. And they can’t make it.”</p><p><blockquote>“他们仓促行事，”一位知情人士说。“这很难做到。而且他们也做不到。”</blockquote></p><p> Taylor, the Novavax spokesperson, said in a statement that it has incorporated feedback from regulators and has made “tremendous progress with the scale-up of our commercial manufacturing processes.” The company is still on track to produce 150 million doses a month by the end of the year, she said, and has stockpiled tens of millions of doses ahead of regulatory filings in the U.S. and internationally.</p><p><blockquote>Novavax发言人泰勒在一份声明中表示，该公司已纳入监管机构的反馈，并“在扩大我们的商业制造流程方面取得了巨大进展”。她说，该公司仍有望在今年年底前每月生产1.5亿剂疫苗，并在美国和国际监管机构备案之前储备了数千万剂疫苗。</blockquote></p><p> Company executives in recent presentations to investors have struck a similarly optimistic tone, downplaying the manufacturing snags and predicting it will soon be cleared to begin distributing doses. During aSept. 29 investor event, Chief Commercial Officer John Trizzino said the company had “resolved” its problems and was close to submitting a final regulatory application.</p><p><blockquote>公司高管在最近给投资者的演讲中也表现出了类似的乐观语气，淡化了制造障碍，并预测很快就会获得批准，开始分发剂量。在aSept期间。29日投资者活动，首席商务官John Trizzino表示，该公司已经“解决”了问题，并接近提交最终监管申请。</blockquote></p><p> “We’re really moving along with testing our lots now,” added Gregory Glenn, president of Novavax’s research and development, referring to batches of its vaccine. “We think that this is shortly going to come to a close.”</p><p><blockquote>Novavax研发总裁格雷戈里·格伦(Gregory Glenn)在谈到其疫苗批次时补充道：“我们现在确实在测试我们的批次。”“我们认为这很快就会结束。”</blockquote></p><p></p><p> U.S. officials working with the company are not as confident, according to three people with knowledge of the matter. Novavax’s manufacturing problems are seen as far more difficult to fix than the sanitary and design concerns that halted production of J&J’s vaccine at the Emergent plant earlier this year, those people said.</p><p><blockquote>据三位知情人士透露，与该公司合作的美国官员没有那么自信。这些人士表示，Novavax的制造问题被认为比今年早些时候导致强生在Emergent工厂停止生产疫苗的卫生和设计问题更难解决。</blockquote></p><p> And even as the company begins to seek regulatory approval in other countries, there remains doubt in the U.S. that it has solved the fundamental vaccine purity flaws that the people with knowledge said have affected its ability to make doses at plants around the world.</p><p><blockquote>尽管该公司开始在其他国家寻求监管部门的批准，但美国仍怀疑该公司是否解决了根本的疫苗纯度缺陷，知情人士称，这些缺陷影响了该公司在世界各地工厂生产疫苗的能力。</blockquote></p><p> Several vaccine batches have already been discarded, and four people with knowledge of the matter say U.S. officials now no longer expect the company to win FDA sign-off on the vaccine until next year at the earliest.</p><p><blockquote>几批疫苗已经被丢弃，四名知情人士表示，美国官员现在预计该公司最早要到明年才能获得FDA对疫苗的批准。</blockquote></p><p> “At some level, I think the efficacy was never going to outweigh the risk associated with the impurity that was in there,” said one of the people with knowledge of the matter. “I’m not surprised this is where we are.”</p><p><blockquote>“在某种程度上，我认为功效永远不会超过与其中杂质相关的风险，”一位知情人士说。“我并不惊讶我们会在这里。”</blockquote></p><p></p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; 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overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nNovavax plunged over 20% in premarket trading<blockquote>Novavax盘前交易暴跌逾20%</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/1079075236\">\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/8274c5b9d4c2852bfb1c4d6ce16c68ba);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">Tiger Newspress </p>\n<p class=\"h-time smaller\">2021-10-20 16:14</p>\n</div>\n</a>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>(Oct 20) <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NVAX\">Novavax</a> may delay the delivery of 1 billion doses of coronavirus vaccine because of the production problems.</p><p><blockquote>（10月20日）<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NVAX\">Novavax</a>可能因生产问题推迟10亿剂冠状病毒疫苗的交付。</blockquote></p><p> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f3995877f1c786d310a457ababf9ee9e\" tg-width=\"1043\" tg-height=\"564\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">The world’s vaccine distributor has been counting on U.S. companies to provide more than 2 billion doses to lower and middle-income countries by the end of 2022 — a crucial step in ending the Covid-19 pandemic.</p><p><blockquote>这家全球疫苗分销商一直指望美国公司在2022年底前向中低收入国家提供超过20亿剂疫苗——这是结束Covid-19大流行的关键一步。</blockquote></p><p> But the campaign run by the international consortium known as COVAX, which has already been delayed significantly because of production lags, is now likely to fall short by more than 1 billion doses as a key supplier faces significant hurdles in proving it can manufacture a shot that meets regulators’ quality standards, according to three people with direct knowledge of the company’s problems.</p><p><blockquote>但由名为COVAX的国际联盟发起的活动由于生产滞后而被大幅推迟，现在可能会短缺超过10亿剂，因为一家主要供应商在证明其能够生产疫苗方面面临重大障碍据三位直接了解该公司问题的人士透露，符合监管机构的质量标准。</blockquote></p><p> The delay, which was confirmed by three other people familiar with the discussions between Maryland-based Novavax and the Biden administration, represents a major setback in the effort to vaccinate the world in the wake of new, more transmissible variants.</p><p><blockquote>另外三名熟悉总部位于马里兰州的Novavax和拜登政府之间讨论的人士证实了这一延迟，这代表着在新的、更具传染性的变种出现后，为世界接种疫苗的努力遭遇重大挫折。</blockquote></p><p> The U.S. government invested $1.6 billion in Novavax in 2020 — the most it devoted to any vaccine maker at the time — in hopes that it would offer the world another option for a safe and effective vaccine to help protect against Covid-19. But the company has consistently run into production problems. The methods it used to test the purity of the vaccine have fallen short of regulators’ standards and the company has not been able to prove that it can produce a shot that is consistently up to snuff, according to multiple people familiar with Novavax’s difficulties. All spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive company conversations.</p><p><blockquote>美国政府在2020年向Novavax投资了16亿美元，这是当时向所有疫苗制造商投入的最多资金，希望它能为世界提供另一种安全有效的疫苗选择，以帮助预防Covid-19。但该公司一直遇到生产问题。据多位熟悉Novavax困难的人士透露，其用于测试疫苗纯度的方法未达到监管机构的标准，该公司也无法证明其能够生产出始终符合标准的疫苗。所有人都要求匿名，讨论敏感的公司对话。</blockquote></p><p> Although Novavax recently attested to some of its analytics and testing issues in aquarterly filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the company’s issues are more concerning than previously understood, according to two of the people with direct knowledge of the matter.</p><p><blockquote>据两位直接了解此事的人士透露，尽管Novavax最近在向美国证券交易委员会提交的季度文件中证实了其一些分析和测试问题，但该公司的问题比之前理解的更令人担忧。</blockquote></p><p> The Food and Drug Administration works out purity levels with each manufacturer according to June 2020 guidance for coronavirus vaccines, but it is generally understood that each vaccine batch should reach at least 90 percent. The company has struggled to attain anywhere close to that, <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AONE.U\">one</a> of the people with direct knowledge of the situation said. Another person familiar with the company’s manufacturing process said Novavax has recently shown purity levels hovering around 70 percent. Low purity levels increase the chance that contaminants or unnecessary substances are in the final product, rendering the vaccine less effective or introducing the chance that patients could react to unknown ingredients.</p><p><blockquote>美国食品药品监督管理局根据2020年6月的冠状病毒疫苗指南，与每个制造商一起制定纯度水平，但普遍认为每个疫苗批次应至少达到90%。该公司一直在努力实现这一目标，<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AONE.U\">一</a>的直接了解情况的人说。另一位熟悉该公司制造工艺的人士表示，Novavax最近的纯度水平徘徊在70%左右。低纯度水平会增加最终产品中存在污染物或不必要物质的机会，从而降低疫苗的有效性或增加患者对未知成分产生反应的机会。</blockquote></p><p> COVAX, which recently downgraded its 2021 goal from 2 billion to 1.425 billion doses, has already estimated that it faces a supply shortfall of as many as 1 billion doses in its effort to vaccinate the developing world. If Novavax falters, it could double the deficit through 2022, leaving hundreds of millions of people without immunity against Covid-19 and extending the pandemic.</p><p><blockquote>COVAX最近将2021年的目标从20亿剂下调至14.25亿剂，并已经估计，在为发展中国家接种疫苗的努力中，它面临着多达10亿剂的供应短缺。如果Novavax步履蹒跚，到2022年赤字可能会增加一倍，使数亿人对Covid-19没有免疫力，并延长疫情。</blockquote></p><p> “COVAX continues to be challenged for adequate supply … in that context, Novavax’s manufacturing challenges and delays have been massively disruptive,” said Krishna Udayakumar, director of the <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DRE\">Duke</a> Global Health Innovation Center.</p><p><blockquote>“COVAX继续面临充足供应的挑战……在这种背景下，Novavax的制造挑战和延误具有巨大的破坏性，”<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/DRE\">公爵</a>全球健康创新中心。</blockquote></p><p> The global coalition is already behind on hundreds of millions of planned doses this month, having shipped just 371 million of its 700 million dose target for October. It is now also at risk of missing its already downgraded 2021 target.</p><p><blockquote>全球联盟本月已经落后于数亿剂计划剂量，仅运送了10月份7亿剂目标中的3.71亿剂。它现在还面临着达不到已经下调的2021年目标的风险。</blockquote></p><p> Between Novavax and other manufacturers’ hurdles, “COVAX has had to scramble to revise its supply strategy significantly in real time,” Udayakumar said. As a result, global health groups are emphasizing more donations to cover immediate needs, he added.</p><p><blockquote>在Novavax和其他制造商的障碍之间，“COVAX不得不争先恐后地实时大幅修改其供应策略，”Udayakumar说。他补充说，因此，全球卫生组织强调提供更多捐款来满足眼前的需求。</blockquote></p><p> In a statement, Novavax Senior Vice President of Investor Relations and Corporate Affairs Silvia Taylor told POLITICO that the company’s analytical testing methods have been “validated” — but did not answer questions about whether the FDA had signed off on them. The company still plans on filing an emergency use authorization by the end of the year, Taylor said.</p><p><blockquote>Novavax投资者关系和公司事务高级副总裁Silvia Taylor在一份声明中告诉POLITICO，该公司的分析测试方法已经过“验证”，但没有回答有关FDA是否已批准这些方法的问题。泰勒说，该公司仍计划在今年年底前提交紧急使用授权。</blockquote></p><p> “The vaccine development and regulatory submission processes are highly complex and often require years to advance to the point where we are now. We will fulfill all of our committed doses both in the US and globally,” Taylor said.</p><p><blockquote>泰勒说：“疫苗开发和监管提交过程非常复杂，通常需要数年时间才能达到我们现在的水平。我们将在美国和全球范围内履行所有承诺的剂量。”</blockquote></p><p> The White House and the Department of Health and Human Services did not respond to multiple requests for comment.</p><p><blockquote>白宫和卫生与公众服务部没有回应多次置评请求。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> But three people familiar with the matter said they are not confident that the company has the resources needed to reproduce a high-quality vaccine on a consistent basis — a benchmark Novavax must meet before that time. Those same people said Novavax could potentially fix its manufacturing issues and reach full licensure by the end of 2022.</p><p><blockquote>但三位知情人士表示，他们不相信该公司拥有持续复制高质量疫苗所需的资源——Novavax在此之前必须达到的基准。这些人表示，Novavax可能会解决其制造问题，并在2022年底前获得全面许可。</blockquote></p><p> Novavax — which has never produced a vaccine before — declined to answer specific questions about its product’s purity levels and whether it had been successful in addressing its longstanding manufacturing issues.</p><p><blockquote>Novavax以前从未生产过疫苗，拒绝回答有关其产品纯度水平以及是否成功解决了长期存在的生产问题的具体问题。</blockquote></p><p> Unlike <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PFE\">Pfizer</a> and Moderna, the first manufacturers to launch vaccines using rapidly produced messenger RNA, Novavax is employing the previously used but complicated approach of creating the key ingredient with bug cells. While the process, which involves infecting the cells to produce spike proteins, is familiar to scientists, it is difficult to scale.</p><p><blockquote>不像<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PFE\">辉瑞</a>和Moderna是第一家使用快速产生的信使RNA推出疫苗的制造商，Novavax正在采用以前使用但复杂的方法，用细菌细胞制造关键成分。虽然科学家们对感染细胞产生刺突蛋白的过程很熟悉，但很难扩大规模。</blockquote></p><p> The revelations about Novavax’s continued manufacturing problems come at a time when only 36 percent of the world is vaccinated and as leaders of developing nations continue to pressure the U.S. to deliver more doses. In Africa alone, only 4.4 percent of the population is vaccinated.</p><p><blockquote>Novavax持续存在的生产问题被曝光之际，世界上只有36%的人接种了疫苗，而且发展中国家的领导人继续向美国施压，要求其提供更多剂量。仅在非洲，只有4.4%的人口接种了疫苗。</blockquote></p><p> That includes some of the continent’s most populous nations, like Nigeria and Uganda, where about 1 percent of citizens are fully vaccinated.</p><p><blockquote>这包括非洲大陆一些人口最多的国家，如尼日利亚和乌干达，这些国家约有1%的公民完全接种了疫苗。</blockquote></p><p> Novavax is just the latest vaccine maker to run into core production problems after promising to serve as a major vaccine contributor to the developing world. In April, Johnson & Johnsonhalted work at a Baltimore facilityrun by contract manufacturer <a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/EBS\">Emergent BioSolutions</a> after it found that 15 million doses had been accidentally contaminated with ingredients from a separate Covid-19 vaccine.</p><p><blockquote>Novavax只是最新一家在承诺成为发展中国家主要疫苗供应商后遇到核心生产问题的疫苗制造商。四月，强生公司停止了巴尔的摩一家由合同制造商运营的工厂的工作<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/EBS\">新兴生物解决方案</a>在发现1500万剂疫苗意外被另一种Covid-19疫苗的成分污染后。</blockquote></p><p> J&J’s manufacturing process has been slow to recover, and to date it has produced just a fraction of the 200 million shots it initially pledged to COVAX by the end of the year, according to records kept by UNICEF.</p><p><blockquote>根据联合国儿童基金会保存的记录，强生公司的生产流程恢复缓慢，迄今为止，该公司仅生产了最初承诺在年底前向COVAX生产的2亿剂疫苗的一小部分。</blockquote></p><p> “Overpromising and underdelivering is the name of the game for these manufacturers,” said Asia Russell, executive director of international advocacy group Health GAP. “And that’s the infrastructure of the global response, which is terrifying.”</p><p><blockquote>国际倡导组织Health GAP的执行董事亚洲·拉塞尔(Asia Russell)表示：“承诺过多而兑现不足是这些制造商的游戏名称。”“这就是全球应对措施的基础设施，这太可怕了。”</blockquote></p><p> Unlike Johnson & Johnson, Novavax is a novice in the vaccine world. It has never successfully launched a vaccine, and had struggled financially prior to the pandemic. After a string of drug development failures, it sold its manufacturing facilities in 2019 — a deal that also included parting with 100 employees. In May of that year, Novavax’s stock price dropped as low as 36 cents per share.</p><p><blockquote>与强生不同，Novavax是疫苗界的新手。它从未成功推出疫苗，并且在大流行之前一直在财务上苦苦挣扎。在经历了一系列药物开发失败后，该公司于2019年出售了其生产设施，这笔交易还包括解雇100名员工。当年5月，Novavax股价曾一度跌至每股36美分。</blockquote></p><p> Yet the company’s fortunes shifted as Covid-19 took hold. Amid a scramble early in the pandemic to develop a range of vaccine candidates, the Trump administration awarded Novavax $1.6 billion to aid work on its Covid-19 shot — the largest deal given to any Covid-19 vaccine maker at that time.</p><p><blockquote>然而，随着Covid-19的出现，该公司的命运发生了变化。在大流行初期争相开发一系列候选疫苗的过程中，特朗普政府向Novavax提供了16亿美元，以帮助其开发Covid-19疫苗——这是当时向所有Covid-19疫苗制造商提供的最大一笔交易。</blockquote></p><p> The contract represented a major vote of confidence in Novavax’s capabilities — and a bet that appeared to pay off after late-stage trials showed the vaccine was 90 percent effective against the virus.</p><p><blockquote>该合同代表了对Novavax能力的重大信任票，在后期试验显示该疫苗对病毒的有效性为90%后，这一赌注似乎得到了回报。</blockquote></p><p> But even then, senior Trump administration officials on Operation Warp Speed — a group tasked with accelerating vaccine development — repeatedly warned the company that it risked running into problems in scaling up manufacturing of the shot, two people with direct knowledge of those discussions said.</p><p><blockquote>但两名直接了解这些讨论的人士表示，即便如此，负责加速疫苗开发的“曲速行动”（Operation Warp Speed）的特朗普政府高级官员也一再警告该公司，在扩大疫苗生产规模时可能会遇到问题。</blockquote></p><p> In particular, they worried that Novavax would have difficulty ensuring that the vaccine consistently met the FDA’s rigorous quality standards once the vaccine went into mass production — the exact problem that has now stymied the company for months.</p><p><blockquote>他们特别担心，一旦疫苗投入大规模生产，Novavax将难以确保疫苗始终符合FDA严格的质量标准——这正是困扰该公司数月的问题。</blockquote></p><p> “They rushed the process,” one of the people with knowledge of the matter said. “It’s hard to make. And they can’t make it.”</p><p><blockquote>“他们仓促行事，”一位知情人士说。“这很难做到。而且他们也做不到。”</blockquote></p><p> Taylor, the Novavax spokesperson, said in a statement that it has incorporated feedback from regulators and has made “tremendous progress with the scale-up of our commercial manufacturing processes.” The company is still on track to produce 150 million doses a month by the end of the year, she said, and has stockpiled tens of millions of doses ahead of regulatory filings in the U.S. and internationally.</p><p><blockquote>Novavax发言人泰勒在一份声明中表示，该公司已纳入监管机构的反馈，并“在扩大我们的商业制造流程方面取得了巨大进展”。她说，该公司仍有望在今年年底前每月生产1.5亿剂疫苗，并在美国和国际监管机构备案之前储备了数千万剂疫苗。</blockquote></p><p> Company executives in recent presentations to investors have struck a similarly optimistic tone, downplaying the manufacturing snags and predicting it will soon be cleared to begin distributing doses. During aSept. 29 investor event, Chief Commercial Officer John Trizzino said the company had “resolved” its problems and was close to submitting a final regulatory application.</p><p><blockquote>公司高管在最近给投资者的演讲中也表现出了类似的乐观语气，淡化了制造障碍，并预测很快就会获得批准，开始分发剂量。在aSept期间。29日投资者活动，首席商务官John Trizzino表示，该公司已经“解决”了问题，并接近提交最终监管申请。</blockquote></p><p> “We’re really moving along with testing our lots now,” added Gregory Glenn, president of Novavax’s research and development, referring to batches of its vaccine. “We think that this is shortly going to come to a close.”</p><p><blockquote>Novavax研发总裁格雷戈里·格伦(Gregory Glenn)在谈到其疫苗批次时补充道：“我们现在确实在测试我们的批次。”“我们认为这很快就会结束。”</blockquote></p><p></p><p> U.S. officials working with the company are not as confident, according to three people with knowledge of the matter. Novavax’s manufacturing problems are seen as far more difficult to fix than the sanitary and design concerns that halted production of J&J’s vaccine at the Emergent plant earlier this year, those people said.</p><p><blockquote>据三位知情人士透露，与该公司合作的美国官员没有那么自信。这些人士表示，Novavax的制造问题被认为比今年早些时候导致强生在Emergent工厂停止生产疫苗的卫生和设计问题更难解决。</blockquote></p><p> And even as the company begins to seek regulatory approval in other countries, there remains doubt in the U.S. that it has solved the fundamental vaccine purity flaws that the people with knowledge said have affected its ability to make doses at plants around the world.</p><p><blockquote>尽管该公司开始在其他国家寻求监管部门的批准，但美国仍怀疑该公司是否解决了根本的疫苗纯度缺陷，知情人士称，这些缺陷影响了该公司在世界各地工厂生产疫苗的能力。</blockquote></p><p> Several vaccine batches have already been discarded, and four people with knowledge of the matter say U.S. officials now no longer expect the company to win FDA sign-off on the vaccine until next year at the earliest.</p><p><blockquote>几批疫苗已经被丢弃，四名知情人士表示，美国官员现在预计该公司最早要到明年才能获得FDA对疫苗的批准。</blockquote></p><p> “At some level, I think the efficacy was never going to outweigh the risk associated with the impurity that was in there,” said one of the people with knowledge of the matter. “I’m not surprised this is where we are.”</p><p><blockquote>“在某种程度上，我认为功效永远不会超过与其中杂质相关的风险，”一位知情人士说。“我并不惊讶我们会在这里。”</blockquote></p><p></p>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"NVAX":"诺瓦瓦克斯医药"},"is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1174375951","content_text":"(Oct 20) Novavax may delay the delivery of 1 billion doses of coronavirus vaccine because of the production problems.\nThe world’s vaccine distributor has been counting on U.S. companies to provide more than 2 billion doses to lower and middle-income countries by the end of 2022 — a crucial step in ending the Covid-19 pandemic.\nBut the campaign run by the international consortium known as COVAX, which has already been delayed significantly because of production lags, is now likely to fall short by more than 1 billion doses as a key supplier faces significant hurdles in proving it can manufacture a shot that meets regulators’ quality standards, according to three people with direct knowledge of the company’s problems.\nThe delay, which was confirmed by three other people familiar with the discussions between Maryland-based Novavax and the Biden administration, represents a major setback in the effort to vaccinate the world in the wake of new, more transmissible variants.\nThe U.S. government invested $1.6 billion in Novavax in 2020 — the most it devoted to any vaccine maker at the time — in hopes that it would offer the world another option for a safe and effective vaccine to help protect against Covid-19. But the company has consistently run into production problems. The methods it used to test the purity of the vaccine have fallen short of regulators’ standards and the company has not been able to prove that it can produce a shot that is consistently up to snuff, according to multiple people familiar with Novavax’s difficulties. All spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive company conversations.\nAlthough Novavax recently attested to some of its analytics and testing issues in aquarterly filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the company’s issues are more concerning than previously understood, according to two of the people with direct knowledge of the matter.\nThe Food and Drug Administration works out purity levels with each manufacturer according to June 2020 guidance for coronavirus vaccines, but it is generally understood that each vaccine batch should reach at least 90 percent. The company has struggled to attain anywhere close to that, one of the people with direct knowledge of the situation said. Another person familiar with the company’s manufacturing process said Novavax has recently shown purity levels hovering around 70 percent. Low purity levels increase the chance that contaminants or unnecessary substances are in the final product, rendering the vaccine less effective or introducing the chance that patients could react to unknown ingredients.\nCOVAX, which recently downgraded its 2021 goal from 2 billion to 1.425 billion doses, has already estimated that it faces a supply shortfall of as many as 1 billion doses in its effort to vaccinate the developing world. If Novavax falters, it could double the deficit through 2022, leaving hundreds of millions of people without immunity against Covid-19 and extending the pandemic.\n“COVAX continues to be challenged for adequate supply … in that context, Novavax’s manufacturing challenges and delays have been massively disruptive,” said Krishna Udayakumar, director of the Duke Global Health Innovation Center.\nThe global coalition is already behind on hundreds of millions of planned doses this month, having shipped just 371 million of its 700 million dose target for October. It is now also at risk of missing its already downgraded 2021 target.\nBetween Novavax and other manufacturers’ hurdles, “COVAX has had to scramble to revise its supply strategy significantly in real time,” Udayakumar said. As a result, global health groups are emphasizing more donations to cover immediate needs, he added.\nIn a statement, Novavax Senior Vice President of Investor Relations and Corporate Affairs Silvia Taylor told POLITICO that the company’s analytical testing methods have been “validated” — but did not answer questions about whether the FDA had signed off on them. The company still plans on filing an emergency use authorization by the end of the year, Taylor said.\n“The vaccine development and regulatory submission processes are highly complex and often require years to advance to the point where we are now. We will fulfill all of our committed doses both in the US and globally,” Taylor said.\nThe White House and the Department of Health and Human Services did not respond to multiple requests for comment.\nBut three people familiar with the matter said they are not confident that the company has the resources needed to reproduce a high-quality vaccine on a consistent basis — a benchmark Novavax must meet before that time. Those same people said Novavax could potentially fix its manufacturing issues and reach full licensure by the end of 2022.\nNovavax — which has never produced a vaccine before — declined to answer specific questions about its product’s purity levels and whether it had been successful in addressing its longstanding manufacturing issues.\nUnlike Pfizer and Moderna, the first manufacturers to launch vaccines using rapidly produced messenger RNA, Novavax is employing the previously used but complicated approach of creating the key ingredient with bug cells. While the process, which involves infecting the cells to produce spike proteins, is familiar to scientists, it is difficult to scale.\nThe revelations about Novavax’s continued manufacturing problems come at a time when only 36 percent of the world is vaccinated and as leaders of developing nations continue to pressure the U.S. to deliver more doses. In Africa alone, only 4.4 percent of the population is vaccinated.\nThat includes some of the continent’s most populous nations, like Nigeria and Uganda, where about 1 percent of citizens are fully vaccinated.\nNovavax is just the latest vaccine maker to run into core production problems after promising to serve as a major vaccine contributor to the developing world. In April, Johnson & Johnsonhalted work at a Baltimore facilityrun by contract manufacturer Emergent BioSolutions after it found that 15 million doses had been accidentally contaminated with ingredients from a separate Covid-19 vaccine.\nJ&J’s manufacturing process has been slow to recover, and to date it has produced just a fraction of the 200 million shots it initially pledged to COVAX by the end of the year, according to records kept by UNICEF.\n“Overpromising and underdelivering is the name of the game for these manufacturers,” said Asia Russell, executive director of international advocacy group Health GAP. “And that’s the infrastructure of the global response, which is terrifying.”\nUnlike Johnson & Johnson, Novavax is a novice in the vaccine world. It has never successfully launched a vaccine, and had struggled financially prior to the pandemic. After a string of drug development failures, it sold its manufacturing facilities in 2019 — a deal that also included parting with 100 employees. In May of that year, Novavax’s stock price dropped as low as 36 cents per share.\nYet the company’s fortunes shifted as Covid-19 took hold. Amid a scramble early in the pandemic to develop a range of vaccine candidates, the Trump administration awarded Novavax $1.6 billion to aid work on its Covid-19 shot — the largest deal given to any Covid-19 vaccine maker at that time.\nThe contract represented a major vote of confidence in Novavax’s capabilities — and a bet that appeared to pay off after late-stage trials showed the vaccine was 90 percent effective against the virus.\nBut even then, senior Trump administration officials on Operation Warp Speed — a group tasked with accelerating vaccine development — repeatedly warned the company that it risked running into problems in scaling up manufacturing of the shot, two people with direct knowledge of those discussions said.\nIn particular, they worried that Novavax would have difficulty ensuring that the vaccine consistently met the FDA’s rigorous quality standards once the vaccine went into mass production — the exact problem that has now stymied the company for months.\n“They rushed the process,” one of the people with knowledge of the matter said. “It’s hard to make. And they can’t make it.”\nTaylor, the Novavax spokesperson, said in a statement that it has incorporated feedback from regulators and has made “tremendous progress with the scale-up of our commercial manufacturing processes.” The company is still on track to produce 150 million doses a month by the end of the year, she said, and has stockpiled tens of millions of doses ahead of regulatory filings in the U.S. and internationally.\nCompany executives in recent presentations to investors have struck a similarly optimistic tone, downplaying the manufacturing snags and predicting it will soon be cleared to begin distributing doses. During aSept. 29 investor event, Chief Commercial Officer John Trizzino said the company had “resolved” its problems and was close to submitting a final regulatory application.\n“We’re really moving along with testing our lots now,” added Gregory Glenn, president of Novavax’s research and development, referring to batches of its vaccine. “We think that this is shortly going to come to a close.”\nU.S. officials working with the company are not as confident, according to three people with knowledge of the matter. Novavax’s manufacturing problems are seen as far more difficult to fix than the sanitary and design concerns that halted production of J&J’s vaccine at the Emergent plant earlier this year, those people said.\nAnd even as the company begins to seek regulatory approval in other countries, there remains doubt in the U.S. that it has solved the fundamental vaccine purity flaws that the people with knowledge said have affected its ability to make doses at plants around the world.\nSeveral vaccine batches have already been discarded, and four people with knowledge of the matter say U.S. officials now no longer expect the company to win FDA sign-off on the vaccine until next year at the earliest.\n“At some level, I think the efficacy was never going to outweigh the risk associated with the impurity that was in there,” said one of the people with knowledge of the matter. “I’m not surprised this is where we are.”","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"NVAX":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1194,"commentLimit":10,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"symbols":["NVAX"],"verified":2,"subType":0,"readableState":1,"langContent":"CN","currentLanguage":"CN","warmUpFlag":false,"orderFlag":false,"shareable":true,"causeOfNotShareable":"","featuresForAnalytics":[],"commentAndTweetFlag":false,"andRepostAutoSelectedFlag":false,"upFlag":false,"length":82,"xxTargetLangEnum":"ZH_CN"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"isTiger":false,"isWeiXinMini":false,"url":"/m/post/859461817"}
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