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{"i18n":{"language":"zh_CN"},"detailType":1,"isChannel":false,"data":{"magic":2,"id":856652443,"tweetId":"856652443","gmtCreate":1635175496479,"gmtModify":1635175496671,"author":{"id":3584052109735205,"idStr":"3584052109735205","authorId":3584052109735205,"authorIdStr":"3584052109735205","name":"Slowmopi","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","vip":1,"userType":1,"introduction":"","boolIsFan":false,"boolIsHead":false,"crmLevel":11,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"individualDisplayBadges":[],"fanSize":10,"starInvestorFlag":false},"themes":[],"images":[],"coverImages":[],"extraTitle":"","html":"<html><head></head><body>Ok</body></html>","htmlText":"<html><head></head><body>Ok</body></html>","text":"Ok","highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":5,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/856652443","repostId":1178195123,"repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1178195123","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1635174034,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1178195123?lang=zh_CN&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-10-25 23:00","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Federal Judges Would Face Tougher Stock-Trading Rules Under Bipartisan Bill<blockquote>根据两党法案，联邦法官将面临更严格的股票交易规则</blockquote>","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1178195123","media":"Wall Street Journal","summary":"Federal judges would be required to report stock trades over $1,000 within 45 days and post their fi","content":"Federal judges would be required to report stock trades over $1,000 within 45 days and post their financial-disclosure forms online under legislation proposed by a bipartisan group of lawmakers in the Senate and House of Representatives.<blockquote>根据参议院和众议院两党议员小组提出的立法，联邦法官将被要求在45天内报告超过1,000美元的股票交易，并在网上发布财务披露表。</blockquote> The two bills, to be introduced as soon as today, have been drafted by both Democrats and Republicans in response to a Wall Street Journal investigation finding131 federal judges violated federal law&nbsp;by hearing lawsuits involving companies in which they reported owning stock, according to congressional aides.<blockquote>据国会助手称，这两项法案最早将于今天提出，由民主党和共和党共同起草，以回应《华尔街日报》的一项调查，该调查发现131名联邦法官审理涉及他们报告拥有股票的公司的诉讼，违反了联邦法律。</blockquote> The House Judiciary Committee also is considering a range of new accountability rules for the judiciary. It has scheduled a hearing Tuesday to examine “breaches identified in The Wall Street Journal’s report” about federal judges who hold stocks, and will question the chairwoman of the federal judiciary’s ethics committee and judicial ethics professors.<blockquote>众议院司法委员会也在考虑一系列新的司法问责规则。它计划于周二举行听证会，审查“华尔街日报报告中发现的有关持有股票的联邦法官的违规行为”，并将质询联邦司法道德委员会主席和司法道德教授。</blockquote> Narrower bills in the House and Senate would increase reporting requirements for judges who trade stocks frequently.The Journal investigation found 61 judges&nbsp;who didn’t just own stocks of companies that were litigants in their courtrooms. Accounts held by the judges or their families&nbsp;traded shares as suits were progressing.<blockquote>众议院和参议院范围较窄的法案将增加对频繁交易股票的法官的报告要求。《华尔街日报》的调查发现，61名法官不仅拥有法庭诉讼当事人公司的股票。随着诉讼的进展，法官或其家人持有的账户进行了股票交易。</blockquote> The Senate version of the stock-trading reporting bill, called the Courthouse Ethics and Transparency Act, would require judges to comply with the same law that applies to the president, vice president, presidential-appointed administration officials, senators and House members, according to congressional aides and a draft of the bill.<blockquote>据国会助手和该法案草案称，参议院版本的股票交易报告法案名为《法院道德和透明度法案》，将要求法官遵守适用于总统、副总统、总统任命的政府官员、参议员和众议员的同一法律。</blockquote> That law, known as the STOCK Act for Stop Trading on Congressional Knowledge, requires government officials to report their financial transactions over $1,000 within 45 days.<blockquote>该法律被称为《国会知识停止交易股票法案》，要求政府官员在45天内报告其超过1,000美元的金融交易。</blockquote> “This legislation would subject federal judges to the same disclosure requirements of other federal officials so we can be sure litigants are protected from conflicts of interest and cases are decided fairly,” the bill’s sponsor, Sen. John Cornyn (R., Texas), said.<blockquote>该法案的发起人、德克萨斯州共和党参议员约翰·科宁（John Cornyn）表示：“这项立法将使联邦法官遵守与其他联邦官员相同的披露要求，因此我们可以确保诉讼当事人免受利益冲突的影响，案件得到公平裁决。”说。</blockquote> A second provision would require the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts to create an online database of all judges’ financial disclosures. The agency would be required to post the reports online within 90 days of receiving the information in “a full-text searchable, sortable, and downloadable format for access by the public.” The bill would take effect six months after passage.<blockquote>第二项条款要求美国法院行政办公室创建一个所有法官财务披露的在线数据库。该机构将被要求在收到信息后90天内以“可搜索、可排序和可下载的全文格式供公众访问”在网上发布报告。该法案将在通过六个月后生效。</blockquote> The legislation would apply to district court judges and federal appellate judges. Bankruptcy and magistrate judges wouldn’t be included.<blockquote>该立法将适用于地区法院法官和联邦上诉法官。破产和治安法官不包括在内。</blockquote> In response to the proposed legislation, David Sellers, spokesman for the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, the agency that administers the federal courts, said the judiciary publicly releases in electronic form judges’ financial-disclosure reports at no cost to the requesting party. In the past, the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts has resisted proposals to make financial disclosures more readily available online, citing security concerns.<blockquote>针对拟议的立法，管理联邦法院的机构美国法院行政办公室发言人大卫·塞勒斯表示，司法部门以电子形式公开发布法官的财务披露报告，请求方无需支付任何费用。过去，美国法院行政办公室以安全问题为由，拒绝了在网上更容易获得财务披露的提议。</blockquote> “We are considering ways to automate the release of these reports so they are available more quickly and in a manner more convenient to the public, while also balancing the serious safety and security considerations that exist,” Mr. Sellers said.<blockquote>塞勒斯先生说：“我们正在考虑如何自动发布这些报告，以便公众可以更快、更方便地获得这些报告，同时平衡现有的严重安全和安保考虑。”</blockquote> The text of the legislation referenced the Journal articles, saying “recent reports indicate certain Federal judges have failed to recuse themselves from cases and controversies in which the financial interests of the Federal judges are implicated.”<blockquote>该立法文本引用了《华尔街日报》的文章，称“最近的报告表明，某些联邦法官未能回避涉及联邦法官经济利益的案件和争议。”</blockquote> The bill is co-sponsored by Senate Judiciary Committee members of both parties. Drafted by U.S. Sens. Cornyn and Chris Coons (D., Del.), the bill is co-sponsored by Democrats Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island and Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Dick Durbin of Illinois, and Republicans John Kennedy of Louisiana and ranking member Chuck Grassley of Iowa.<blockquote>该法案由两党参议院司法委员会成员共同发起。由美国参议员科宁和克里斯·库恩斯（特拉华州民主党人）起草。），该法案由罗德岛州民主党人谢尔登·怀特豪斯和伊利诺伊州参议院司法委员会主席迪克·德宾、路易斯安那州共和党人约翰·肯尼迪和爱荷华州资深成员查克·格拉斯利共同发起。</blockquote> “Litigants need confidence that they will receive an unbiased hearing free from outside influence and based only on the facts and the law,” Sen. Coons said.<blockquote>库恩斯说：“诉讼当事人需要相信，他们将获得不受外界影响、仅基于事实和法律的公正听证会。”</blockquote> On the House Judiciary Committee, Reps. Deborah Ross (D., N.C.) and Darrell Issa (R., Calif.) are sponsoring the companion bill, congressional aides said.<blockquote>国会助手说，在众议院司法委员会，众议员黛博拉·罗斯（北卡罗来纳州民主党人）和达雷尔·伊萨（加利福尼亚州共和党人）正在发起这项配套法案。</blockquote> Separately, House Judiciary Chairman Jerrold Nadler (D., N.Y.) is writing what he is calling the 21st Century Courts Act, which is expected to include sanctions for judges who commit recusal violations, according to congressional aides.<blockquote>另外，据国会助手称，众议院司法委员会主席杰罗德·纳德勒（Jerrold Nadler）正在撰写他所谓的21世纪法院法案，预计将包括对违反回避规定的法官的制裁。</blockquote> Mr. Nadler had introduced a similar courts bill in early 2020 that included the requirement to post judges’ financial-disclosure forms online; the effort lost momentum during the pandemic.<blockquote>纳德勒先生在2020年初提出了一项类似的法院法案，其中包括要求在网上发布法官的财务披露表格；这一努力在疫情期间失去了动力。</blockquote> Mr. Nadler plans to revive the legislation, after the Journal reported that judges haveimproperly failed to disqualify themselves&nbsp;from 685 court cases around the nation since 2010. Reps. Nadler and Hank Johnson (D., Ga.), who is chairman of the subcommittee that oversees the federal courts, said late last month they would hold hearings and reintroduce the bill.<blockquote>纳德勒计划恢复这项立法，此前《华尔街日报》报道称，自2010年以来，法官未能不恰当地取消自己在全国685起法庭案件中的资格。众议员纳德勒和汉克·约翰逊（佐治亚州民主党人。）是监督联邦法院的小组委员会主席，他们上月底表示，他们将举行听证会并重新提出该法案。</blockquote> “This would appear to constitute a massive failure of not just individual judges but of the entire system that is ostensibly in place to prevent this illegal conduct,” Messrs. Nadler and Johnson said in a statement about the Journal’s report.<blockquote>纳德勒和约翰逊在一份关于《华尔街日报》报道的声明中表示：“这似乎不仅构成了个别法官的巨大失败，也构成了表面上旨在防止这种非法行为的整个系统的巨大失败。”</blockquote> The changes in how and when federal judges are required to disclose financial transactions would be the first in decades. The bill amends the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which requires the financial-disclosure reports.<blockquote>要求联邦法官披露金融交易的方式和时间的变化将是几十年来的第一次。该法案修订了1978年的《政府道德法》，该法要求财务披露报告。</blockquote> Nothing bars judges from owning stocks, butfederal law since 1974 has prohibited judgesfrom hearing cases that involve a party in which they, their spouses or their minor children have a “legal or equitable interest, however small.” Violations of the 1974 law almost never become public.<blockquote>没有什么禁止法官拥有股票，但自1974年以来，联邦法律禁止法官审理涉及他们、他们的配偶或未成年子女拥有“合法或衡平法利益”的一方的案件。违反1974年法律的行为几乎从未公开。</blockquote> Jan Baran, an ethics lawyer who served on the American Bar Association commission that last revised the Model Code of Judicial Conduct, said the Journal’s findings highlighted the need for reforms to bring “better transparency, more timely disclosure and improved policing of conflicts.”<blockquote>曾在美国律师协会委员会任职的道德律师扬·巴兰(Jan Baran)表示，该杂志的调查结果强调了改革的必要性，以带来“更好的透明度、更及时的披露和更好的冲突监管”。</blockquote> Mr. Baran said he believes judges have become complacent because of lack of transparency. “Since access to federal judges’ annual disclosures is so difficult and feared by lawyers, judges have not benefited from the scrutiny other public officials receive when making similar public disclosures,” he said.<blockquote>巴兰说，他认为法官们因为缺乏透明度而变得自满。他说：“由于获取联邦法官的年度披露信息非常困难，律师也感到害怕，因此法官在进行类似的公开披露时并没有从其他公职人员受到的审查中受益。”</blockquote> Currently, judges’ financial disclosures are filed annually by May of the following year. The Free Law Project, a nonpartisan legal research nonprofit group that recently posted judges disclosures for 2010 to 2018 online, said it is waiting for judges’ disclosures from 2019 to be released.<blockquote>目前，法官的财务披露每年在次年5月之前提交。无党派法律研究非营利组织Free Law Project最近在网上发布了2010年至2018年法官披露的信息，并表示正在等待2019年法官披露的信息发布。</blockquote> Litigants generally don’t see the forms, and they aren’t released in most cases soon enough to be informative. If plaintiffs or defendants learn that a judge on their case has a financial interest that may require a recusal, they can move for a disqualification. In general, it often falls to the judge with the potential conflict to make the decision.<blockquote>诉讼当事人通常看不到这些表格，而且在大多数情况下，这些表格的发布速度也不够快，无法提供信息。如果原告或被告得知他们案件中的法官有经济利益可能需要回避，他们可以申请取消资格。一般来说，做出决定的往往是有潜在冲突的法官。</blockquote> At this week’s hearing, Judge Jennifer Elrod, who is chairwoman of the Committee on Codes of Conduct of the Judicial Conference of the United States, is set to testify, along with law Profs. Jamal Greene of Columbia University, Renee Knake Jefferson of the University of Houston and Thomas Morgan of George Washington University.<blockquote>在本周的听证会上，美国司法会议行为准则委员会主席詹妮弗·埃尔罗德法官将与法学教授一起作证。哥伦比亚大学的贾马尔·格林、休斯顿大学的蕾妮·克纳克·杰斐逊和乔治·华盛顿大学的托马斯·摩根。</blockquote>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Federal Judges Would Face Tougher Stock-Trading Rules Under Bipartisan Bill<blockquote>根据两党法案，联邦法官将面临更严格的股票交易规则</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nFederal Judges Would Face Tougher Stock-Trading Rules Under Bipartisan Bill<blockquote>根据两党法案，联邦法官将面临更严格的股票交易规则</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\nWall Street Journal2021-10-25 23:00\n\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\nFederal judges would be required to report stock trades over $1,000 within 45 days and post their financial-disclosure forms online under legislation proposed by a bipartisan group of lawmakers in the Senate and House of Representatives.<blockquote>根据参议院和众议院两党议员小组提出的立法，联邦法官将被要求在45天内报告超过1,000美元的股票交易，并在网上发布财务披露表。</blockquote> The two bills, to be introduced as soon as today, have been drafted by both Democrats and Republicans in response to a Wall Street Journal investigation finding131 federal judges violated federal law&nbsp;by hearing lawsuits involving companies in which they reported owning stock, according to congressional aides.<blockquote>据国会助手称，这两项法案最早将于今天提出，由民主党和共和党共同起草，以回应《华尔街日报》的一项调查，该调查发现131名联邦法官审理涉及他们报告拥有股票的公司的诉讼，违反了联邦法律。</blockquote> The House Judiciary Committee also is considering a range of new accountability rules for the judiciary. It has scheduled a hearing Tuesday to examine “breaches identified in The Wall Street Journal’s report” about federal judges who hold stocks, and will question the chairwoman of the federal judiciary’s ethics committee and judicial ethics professors.<blockquote>众议院司法委员会也在考虑一系列新的司法问责规则。它计划于周二举行听证会，审查“华尔街日报报告中发现的有关持有股票的联邦法官的违规行为”，并将质询联邦司法道德委员会主席和司法道德教授。</blockquote> Narrower bills in the House and Senate would increase reporting requirements for judges who trade stocks frequently.The Journal investigation found 61 judges&nbsp;who didn’t just own stocks of companies that were litigants in their courtrooms. Accounts held by the judges or their families&nbsp;traded shares as suits were progressing.<blockquote>众议院和参议院范围较窄的法案将增加对频繁交易股票的法官的报告要求。《华尔街日报》的调查发现，61名法官不仅拥有法庭诉讼当事人公司的股票。随着诉讼的进展，法官或其家人持有的账户进行了股票交易。</blockquote> The Senate version of the stock-trading reporting bill, called the Courthouse Ethics and Transparency Act, would require judges to comply with the same law that applies to the president, vice president, presidential-appointed administration officials, senators and House members, according to congressional aides and a draft of the bill.<blockquote>据国会助手和该法案草案称，参议院版本的股票交易报告法案名为《法院道德和透明度法案》，将要求法官遵守适用于总统、副总统、总统任命的政府官员、参议员和众议员的同一法律。</blockquote> That law, known as the STOCK Act for Stop Trading on Congressional Knowledge, requires government officials to report their financial transactions over $1,000 within 45 days.<blockquote>该法律被称为《国会知识停止交易股票法案》，要求政府官员在45天内报告其超过1,000美元的金融交易。</blockquote> “This legislation would subject federal judges to the same disclosure requirements of other federal officials so we can be sure litigants are protected from conflicts of interest and cases are decided fairly,” the bill’s sponsor, Sen. John Cornyn (R., Texas), said.<blockquote>该法案的发起人、德克萨斯州共和党参议员约翰·科宁（John Cornyn）表示：“这项立法将使联邦法官遵守与其他联邦官员相同的披露要求，因此我们可以确保诉讼当事人免受利益冲突的影响，案件得到公平裁决。”说。</blockquote> A second provision would require the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts to create an online database of all judges’ financial disclosures. The agency would be required to post the reports online within 90 days of receiving the information in “a full-text searchable, sortable, and downloadable format for access by the public.” The bill would take effect six months after passage.<blockquote>第二项条款要求美国法院行政办公室创建一个所有法官财务披露的在线数据库。该机构将被要求在收到信息后90天内以“可搜索、可排序和可下载的全文格式供公众访问”在网上发布报告。该法案将在通过六个月后生效。</blockquote> The legislation would apply to district court judges and federal appellate judges. Bankruptcy and magistrate judges wouldn’t be included.<blockquote>该立法将适用于地区法院法官和联邦上诉法官。破产和治安法官不包括在内。</blockquote> In response to the proposed legislation, David Sellers, spokesman for the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, the agency that administers the federal courts, said the judiciary publicly releases in electronic form judges’ financial-disclosure reports at no cost to the requesting party. In the past, the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts has resisted proposals to make financial disclosures more readily available online, citing security concerns.<blockquote>针对拟议的立法，管理联邦法院的机构美国法院行政办公室发言人大卫·塞勒斯表示，司法部门以电子形式公开发布法官的财务披露报告，请求方无需支付任何费用。过去，美国法院行政办公室以安全问题为由，拒绝了在网上更容易获得财务披露的提议。</blockquote> “We are considering ways to automate the release of these reports so they are available more quickly and in a manner more convenient to the public, while also balancing the serious safety and security considerations that exist,” Mr. Sellers said.<blockquote>塞勒斯先生说：“我们正在考虑如何自动发布这些报告，以便公众可以更快、更方便地获得这些报告，同时平衡现有的严重安全和安保考虑。”</blockquote> The text of the legislation referenced the Journal articles, saying “recent reports indicate certain Federal judges have failed to recuse themselves from cases and controversies in which the financial interests of the Federal judges are implicated.”<blockquote>该立法文本引用了《华尔街日报》的文章，称“最近的报告表明，某些联邦法官未能回避涉及联邦法官经济利益的案件和争议。”</blockquote> The bill is co-sponsored by Senate Judiciary Committee members of both parties. Drafted by U.S. Sens. Cornyn and Chris Coons (D., Del.), the bill is co-sponsored by Democrats Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island and Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Dick Durbin of Illinois, and Republicans John Kennedy of Louisiana and ranking member Chuck Grassley of Iowa.<blockquote>该法案由两党参议院司法委员会成员共同发起。由美国参议员科宁和克里斯·库恩斯（特拉华州民主党人）起草。），该法案由罗德岛州民主党人谢尔登·怀特豪斯和伊利诺伊州参议院司法委员会主席迪克·德宾、路易斯安那州共和党人约翰·肯尼迪和爱荷华州资深成员查克·格拉斯利共同发起。</blockquote> “Litigants need confidence that they will receive an unbiased hearing free from outside influence and based only on the facts and the law,” Sen. Coons said.<blockquote>库恩斯说：“诉讼当事人需要相信，他们将获得不受外界影响、仅基于事实和法律的公正听证会。”</blockquote> On the House Judiciary Committee, Reps. Deborah Ross (D., N.C.) and Darrell Issa (R., Calif.) are sponsoring the companion bill, congressional aides said.<blockquote>国会助手说，在众议院司法委员会，众议员黛博拉·罗斯（北卡罗来纳州民主党人）和达雷尔·伊萨（加利福尼亚州共和党人）正在发起这项配套法案。</blockquote> Separately, House Judiciary Chairman Jerrold Nadler (D., N.Y.) is writing what he is calling the 21st Century Courts Act, which is expected to include sanctions for judges who commit recusal violations, according to congressional aides.<blockquote>另外，据国会助手称，众议院司法委员会主席杰罗德·纳德勒（Jerrold Nadler）正在撰写他所谓的21世纪法院法案，预计将包括对违反回避规定的法官的制裁。</blockquote> Mr. Nadler had introduced a similar courts bill in early 2020 that included the requirement to post judges’ financial-disclosure forms online; the effort lost momentum during the pandemic.<blockquote>纳德勒先生在2020年初提出了一项类似的法院法案，其中包括要求在网上发布法官的财务披露表格；这一努力在疫情期间失去了动力。</blockquote> Mr. Nadler plans to revive the legislation, after the Journal reported that judges haveimproperly failed to disqualify themselves&nbsp;from 685 court cases around the nation since 2010. Reps. Nadler and Hank Johnson (D., Ga.), who is chairman of the subcommittee that oversees the federal courts, said late last month they would hold hearings and reintroduce the bill.<blockquote>纳德勒计划恢复这项立法，此前《华尔街日报》报道称，自2010年以来，法官未能不恰当地取消自己在全国685起法庭案件中的资格。众议员纳德勒和汉克·约翰逊（佐治亚州民主党人。）是监督联邦法院的小组委员会主席，他们上月底表示，他们将举行听证会并重新提出该法案。</blockquote> “This would appear to constitute a massive failure of not just individual judges but of the entire system that is ostensibly in place to prevent this illegal conduct,” Messrs. Nadler and Johnson said in a statement about the Journal’s report.<blockquote>纳德勒和约翰逊在一份关于《华尔街日报》报道的声明中表示：“这似乎不仅构成了个别法官的巨大失败，也构成了表面上旨在防止这种非法行为的整个系统的巨大失败。”</blockquote> The changes in how and when federal judges are required to disclose financial transactions would be the first in decades. The bill amends the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which requires the financial-disclosure reports.<blockquote>要求联邦法官披露金融交易的方式和时间的变化将是几十年来的第一次。该法案修订了1978年的《政府道德法》，该法要求财务披露报告。</blockquote> Nothing bars judges from owning stocks, butfederal law since 1974 has prohibited judgesfrom hearing cases that involve a party in which they, their spouses or their minor children have a “legal or equitable interest, however small.” Violations of the 1974 law almost never become public.<blockquote>没有什么禁止法官拥有股票，但自1974年以来，联邦法律禁止法官审理涉及他们、他们的配偶或未成年子女拥有“合法或衡平法利益”的一方的案件。违反1974年法律的行为几乎从未公开。</blockquote> Jan Baran, an ethics lawyer who served on the American Bar Association commission that last revised the Model Code of Judicial Conduct, said the Journal’s findings highlighted the need for reforms to bring “better transparency, more timely disclosure and improved policing of conflicts.”<blockquote>曾在美国律师协会委员会任职的道德律师扬·巴兰(Jan Baran)表示，该杂志的调查结果强调了改革的必要性，以带来“更好的透明度、更及时的披露和更好的冲突监管”。</blockquote> Mr. Baran said he believes judges have become complacent because of lack of transparency. “Since access to federal judges’ annual disclosures is so difficult and feared by lawyers, judges have not benefited from the scrutiny other public officials receive when making similar public disclosures,” he said.<blockquote>巴兰说，他认为法官们因为缺乏透明度而变得自满。他说：“由于获取联邦法官的年度披露信息非常困难，律师也感到害怕，因此法官在进行类似的公开披露时并没有从其他公职人员受到的审查中受益。”</blockquote> Currently, judges’ financial disclosures are filed annually by May of the following year. The Free Law Project, a nonpartisan legal research nonprofit group that recently posted judges disclosures for 2010 to 2018 online, said it is waiting for judges’ disclosures from 2019 to be released.<blockquote>目前，法官的财务披露每年在次年5月之前提交。无党派法律研究非营利组织Free Law Project最近在网上发布了2010年至2018年法官披露的信息，并表示正在等待2019年法官披露的信息发布。</blockquote> Litigants generally don’t see the forms, and they aren’t released in most cases soon enough to be informative. If plaintiffs or defendants learn that a judge on their case has a financial interest that may require a recusal, they can move for a disqualification. In general, it often falls to the judge with the potential conflict to make the decision.<blockquote>诉讼当事人通常看不到这些表格，而且在大多数情况下，这些表格的发布速度也不够快，无法提供信息。如果原告或被告得知他们案件中的法官有经济利益可能需要回避，他们可以申请取消资格。一般来说，做出决定的往往是有潜在冲突的法官。</blockquote> At this week’s hearing, Judge Jennifer Elrod, who is chairwoman of the Committee on Codes of Conduct of the Judicial Conference of the United States, is set to testify, along with law Profs. Jamal Greene of Columbia University, Renee Knake Jefferson of the University of Houston and Thomas Morgan of George Washington University.<blockquote>在本周的听证会上，美国司法会议行为准则委员会主席詹妮弗·埃尔罗德法官将与法学教授一起作证。哥伦比亚大学的贾马尔·格林、休斯顿大学的蕾妮·克纳克·杰斐逊和乔治·华盛顿大学的托马斯·摩根。</blockquote>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n 来源：<a href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/federal-judges-would-face-tougher-stock-trading-rules-under-bipartisan-bill-11635166900?mod=hp_lead_pos7\">Wall Street Journal</a>\n为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{},"source_url":"https://www.wsj.com/articles/federal-judges-would-face-tougher-stock-trading-rules-under-bipartisan-bill-11635166900?mod=hp_lead_pos7","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1178195123","content_text":"Federal judges would be required to report stock trades over $1,000 within 45 days and post their financial-disclosure forms online under legislation proposed by a bipartisan group of lawmakers in the Senate and House of Representatives.\nThe two bills, to be introduced as soon as today, have been drafted by both Democrats and Republicans in response to a Wall Street Journal investigation finding131 federal judges violated federal law by hearing lawsuits involving companies in which they reported owning stock, according to congressional aides.\nThe House Judiciary Committee also is considering a range of new accountability rules for the judiciary. It has scheduled a hearing Tuesday to examine “breaches identified in The Wall Street Journal’s report” about federal judges who hold stocks, and will question the chairwoman of the federal judiciary’s ethics committee and judicial ethics professors.\nNarrower bills in the House and Senate would increase reporting requirements for judges who trade stocks frequently.The Journal investigation found 61 judges who didn’t just own stocks of companies that were litigants in their courtrooms. Accounts held by the judges or their families traded shares as suits were progressing.\nThe Senate version of the stock-trading reporting bill, called the Courthouse Ethics and Transparency Act, would require judges to comply with the same law that applies to the president, vice president, presidential-appointed administration officials, senators and House members, according to congressional aides and a draft of the bill.\nThat law, known as the STOCK Act for Stop Trading on Congressional Knowledge, requires government officials to report their financial transactions over $1,000 within 45 days.\n“This legislation would subject federal judges to the same disclosure requirements of other federal officials so we can be sure litigants are protected from conflicts of interest and cases are decided fairly,” the bill’s sponsor, Sen. John Cornyn (R., Texas), said.\nA second provision would require the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts to create an online database of all judges’ financial disclosures. The agency would be required to post the reports online within 90 days of receiving the information in “a full-text searchable, sortable, and downloadable format for access by the public.” The bill would take effect six months after passage.\nThe legislation would apply to district court judges and federal appellate judges. Bankruptcy and magistrate judges wouldn’t be included.\nIn response to the proposed legislation, David Sellers, spokesman for the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, the agency that administers the federal courts, said the judiciary publicly releases in electronic form judges’ financial-disclosure reports at no cost to the requesting party. In the past, the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts has resisted proposals to make financial disclosures more readily available online, citing security concerns.\n“We are considering ways to automate the release of these reports so they are available more quickly and in a manner more convenient to the public, while also balancing the serious safety and security considerations that exist,” Mr. Sellers said.\nThe text of the legislation referenced the Journal articles, saying “recent reports indicate certain Federal judges have failed to recuse themselves from cases and controversies in which the financial interests of the Federal judges are implicated.”\nThe bill is co-sponsored by Senate Judiciary Committee members of both parties. Drafted by U.S. Sens. Cornyn and Chris Coons (D., Del.), the bill is co-sponsored by Democrats Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island and Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Dick Durbin of Illinois, and Republicans John Kennedy of Louisiana and ranking member Chuck Grassley of Iowa.\n“Litigants need confidence that they will receive an unbiased hearing free from outside influence and based only on the facts and the law,” Sen. Coons said.\nOn the House Judiciary Committee, Reps. Deborah Ross (D., N.C.) and Darrell Issa (R., Calif.) are sponsoring the companion bill, congressional aides said.\nSeparately, House Judiciary Chairman Jerrold Nadler (D., N.Y.) is writing what he is calling the 21st Century Courts Act, which is expected to include sanctions for judges who commit recusal violations, according to congressional aides.\nMr. Nadler had introduced a similar courts bill in early 2020 that included the requirement to post judges’ financial-disclosure forms online; the effort lost momentum during the pandemic.\nMr. Nadler plans to revive the legislation, after the Journal reported that judges haveimproperly failed to disqualify themselves from 685 court cases around the nation since 2010. Reps. Nadler and Hank Johnson (D., Ga.), who is chairman of the subcommittee that oversees the federal courts, said late last month they would hold hearings and reintroduce the bill.\n“This would appear to constitute a massive failure of not just individual judges but of the entire system that is ostensibly in place to prevent this illegal conduct,” Messrs. Nadler and Johnson said in a statement about the Journal’s report.\nThe changes in how and when federal judges are required to disclose financial transactions would be the first in decades. The bill amends the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which requires the financial-disclosure reports.\nNothing bars judges from owning stocks, butfederal law since 1974 has prohibited judgesfrom hearing cases that involve a party in which they, their spouses or their minor children have a “legal or equitable interest, however small.” Violations of the 1974 law almost never become public.\nJan Baran, an ethics lawyer who served on the American Bar Association commission that last revised the Model Code of Judicial Conduct, said the Journal’s findings highlighted the need for reforms to bring “better transparency, more timely disclosure and improved policing of conflicts.”\nMr. Baran said he believes judges have become complacent because of lack of transparency. “Since access to federal judges’ annual disclosures is so difficult and feared by lawyers, judges have not benefited from the scrutiny other public officials receive when making similar public disclosures,” he said.\nCurrently, judges’ financial disclosures are filed annually by May of the following year. The Free Law Project, a nonpartisan legal research nonprofit group that recently posted judges disclosures for 2010 to 2018 online, said it is waiting for judges’ disclosures from 2019 to be released.\nLitigants generally don’t see the forms, and they aren’t released in most cases soon enough to be informative. If plaintiffs or defendants learn that a judge on their case has a financial interest that may require a recusal, they can move for a disqualification. In general, it often falls to the judge with the potential conflict to make the decision.\nAt this week’s hearing, Judge Jennifer Elrod, who is chairwoman of the Committee on Codes of Conduct of the Judicial Conference of the United States, is set to testify, along with law Profs. Jamal Greene of Columbia University, Renee Knake Jefferson of the University of Houston and Thomas Morgan of George Washington University.","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":341,"commentLimit":10,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"symbols":[],"verified":2,"subType":0,"readableState":1,"langContent":"CN","currentLanguage":"CN","warmUpFlag":false,"orderFlag":false,"shareable":true,"causeOfNotShareable":"","featuresForAnalytics":[],"commentAndTweetFlag":false,"andRepostAutoSelectedFlag":false,"upFlag":false,"length":2,"xxTargetLangEnum":"ZH_CN"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"isTiger":false,"isWeiXinMini":false,"url":"/m/post/856652443"}