老王很正直的个人主页 - 老虎社区

老王很正直

老王很正直

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老王很正直

2021-02-16

$恒大汽车(00708)$5块以下再入

老王很正直

2021-02-24

$Frank's International N.V.(FI)$🚀🚀🚀

老王很正直

2021-02-15

一部电影救不活一家企业，另外今年春节档的票价几乎都double了，不要再吹了

抱歉，原内容已删除

老王很正直

2021-02-13

$Tanzanian Royalty Exploration Co(TRX)$止损价被洗出去了[捂脸] 浑然不知

老王很正直

2020-12-28

感觉没毛病，而且泡泡玛特的盲盒大多为深圳那边的小工厂代工，部分产品品控不是很好

新华社评盲盒：上瘾和赌博心理也在滋生畸形消费

老王很正直

2021-03-25

$Naked Brand Group Inc(NAKD)$这只垃圾只跌不涨呢

老王很正直

2021-03-02

$NanoViricides Inc.(NNVC)$这么少交易量就拉这么高了，是套吧

老王很正直

2021-01-27

$AMC院线(AMC)$美股这是怎么了？？？

老王很正直

2021-02-26

$云米科技(VIOT)$这才是价值回归[龇牙]

老王很正直

2021-02-25

$保利协鑫能源(03800)$别tm装了，又在套人[龇牙]

老王很正直

2021-02-11

$Tanzanian Royalty Exploration Co(TRX)$今晚会接着飞吗[开心]

老王很正直

2021-02-06

$RLX科技(RLX)$20企稳？

老王很正直

2021-01-11

$蔚来(NIO)$感觉要拉稀

老王很正直

2021-02-17

$快手-W(01024)$没有利好持续刺激，已经失去增长动力了

老王很正直

2021-02-10

$保利协鑫能源(03800)$wake up🚀

老王很正直

2021-02-18

京东有点太心急了

抱歉，原内容已删除

老王很正直

2021-02-16

$趣店(QD)$起来嗨

老王很正直

2021-06-02

$烯石电车新材料(06128)$这股完犊子了吗

老王很正直

2021-02-26

$云米科技(VIOT)$wsb概念股[开心]

老王很正直

2021-02-23

$云米科技(VIOT)$12再次建仓

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Inc(NAKD)$这股在这边好像没什么人气","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/377871980","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":3465,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":378883226,"gmtCreate":1619015572665,"gmtModify":1619015572665,"author":{"id":"3570774907087838","authorId":"3570774907087838","name":"老王很正直","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/21265033307b198654d44a0fb71995a5","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3570774907087838","authorIdStr":"3570774907087838"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"的确","listText":"的确","text":"的确","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/378883226","repostId":"2129871712","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"2129871712","kind":"highlight","pubTimestamp":1619010672,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2129871712?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-04-21 21:11","market":"sh","language":"zh","title":"自动驾驶需要一场泡沫","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2129871712","media":"格隆汇","summary":"多一份冷静好。","content":"<p>一个行业有“钱景”，必然引发一阵“骚乱”。</p>\n<p>十年前是<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/5RE.SI\">智能</a>手机，现在是智能汽车。作为智能汽车最引人注目的应用，自动驾驶无疑最能撩拨产业界的神经。现在，除了<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">特斯拉</a>、Google、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BIDU\">百度</a>这些先行者，连华为也进来了，并放出要吊打<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">特斯拉</a>的豪言。</p>\n<p>吊不吊打特斯拉有待验证，但是华为带来的自动驾驶首先在股市牵起一阵热潮。多个概念股相继涨停。</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e90c8e408a27094af0ec585715f7e80c\" tg-width=\"751\" tg-height=\"391\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p>\n<p><b>从产业前景看，自动驾驶是星辰大海，但是从资本投入来看，它也可能成为吞噬一切的黑洞。</b></p>\n<h3>1</h3>\n<h3><b>双寡头还是百家争鸣？</b></h3>\n<p>计算机革命开启了电子业硬件、软件各自独立又相互依存的格局，智能手机承载了这个衣钵，到现在的智能汽车，很自然会照葫芦画瓢。</p>\n<p>于是，在自动驾驶系统上，出现类似<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">苹果</a>封闭IOS系统和Google开放安卓系统的局面，代表有特斯拉FSD和Google Waymo。</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4814e0363c668a26061448ae4aa6a3fd\" tg-width=\"830\" tg-height=\"225\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p>\n<p>但是，和手机操作系统稳定的双寡头格局不同的是，除了特斯拉和Google，还有很多其他的参与者，软硬件通吃的厂商就有通用、小鹏，<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/BIDU\">百度</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">苹果</a>也说要造车，软件厂商就更多了，名气大如华为，小一点的有Pony.ai、Nuro.ai、图森未来等，图森未来更成为首家登陆美股的自动驾驶软件厂商。</p>\n<p><b>所以，有人提出自动驾驶不应该只有“IOS”和“安卓”，而是百家争鸣的局面。</b></p>\n<p>这种说法也不是没有道理，从理论上讲，智能手机操作系统只需要搭建基础的框架，其他的应用有待开发者去完善，之后再形成完善的生态系统。</p>\n<p>开发者不需要是操作系统公司，可以是第三方公司，觉得哪些功能有需求，就自己在源代码的基础上开发APP，这就类似于政府把地块整理好，把自己应该承担的基础设施建设好，然后供地产商在上面建住宅也好，建商场也行，建厂房、建写字楼都行，最终形成完善的城市设施。</p>\n<p>而且，手机的应用场景非常多，金融的、购物的、社交的、娱乐的，全都给操作系统公司做，等于城市的所有设施都让政府建，这将相当费劲和相当低效，倒不如把这些任务交给第三方开发者，同时让他们分享成果，一旦和众多的开发者、用户绑定在一起，就很容易形成垄断优势，新进入的操作系统就很难有生存空间。</p>\n<p><b>这是妥妥的三赢。</b></p>\n<p>但是，自动驾驶系统不一样，作为用户，你总不能拿到一个“裸系统”，然后再自己去安装刹车APP、方向盘APP、自动泊车APP吧，这得是多差的用户体验？要是忘记安装哪个APP，是不是意味着自动驾驶不了了？更要命的是，忘了装刹车APP就开自动上路，万一该刹车时不刹，那不等于拿人命开玩笑？</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/eb1e4e0bea9f608af01271f29b74384f\" tg-width=\"830\" tg-height=\"376\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p>\n<p>换句话说，<b>开发商给到用户的，不应该是一个仅仅整理好的“地块”，也不应该只建了部分基础设施的“地块”，而应该是一座具备完善设施的“城市”。</b>所以，自动驾驶系统一出来就应该是完善的，不能缺胳膊少腿，也不能寄希望于由第三方去完善，除非是一些非关键性的、加强体验性质的东西。</p>\n<p>另外，自动驾驶系统的功能相对单一，只是替代人去开车，不像手机有着太宽泛的应用，所以开发商本身也应该具备提供完善自动驾驶系统解决方案的能力。</p>\n<p>当然，作为开发商，在开发模式上，可以先做好基础架构，然后允许第三方开发者在上面添砖加瓦，事实上，百度就是这么做的，Apollo平台已经聚集了超过4.5万的开发者，这些做法并不矛盾，因为只要交付的是完善的系统方案即可。</p>\n<p>这么看来，自动驾驶系统好像真没必要一家或者两家独大，百家争鸣可能更有利于竞争，最终让消费者获益。相信这个逻辑也影响着众多入局自动驾驶的公司，给了他们前赴后继的勇气。</p>\n<p>事情果真如此吗？</p>\n<h3>2</h3>\n<h3><b>百家争鸣真的可以实现？</b></h3>\n<p>商业社会，<b>质量、成本、效率</b>是永远绕不开的“三角关系”。</p>\n<p>谁都希望得到“双高一低”--高质量、高效率同时低成本，但实际情况，<b>这是“不可能三角”，顶多只能得到其中两个。</b>把这个框架放在自动驾驶的百家争鸣上，冲突就随之而来。</p>\n<p>不同开发商的人才、资金、技术储备、开发效率都不一样，都来做这个事，重复开发不说，对各种资源的消耗，以及有可能出现的恶性竞争，显然和低成本背道而驰；即使每个开发商都能做出一样的质量、一样的成本，效率上也会有快慢，资金充足、人才丰富的会快一点，相反就有可能会慢一点；而如果既要高质量，又要高效率，那就得比拼谁的钱多，不同开发商手头的资金、融资能力、融资成本也是千差万别。</p>\n<p><b>不管从哪个角度看，都是既要又要还要的事，所以理论上不应该存在过多的自动驾驶系统开发商。</b></p>\n<p>只是，从开发商的角度，看法可能完全相反。</p>\n<p>在智能汽车最重要的应用场景，没有厂商希望自己变成局外人，如果在这场竞赛中能够最终获胜，那都是白花花的银子，这是相当有诱惑力的事情。往更长远的方向讲，传统造车有可能因为拥有自动驾驶开发能力，在汽车业的淘汰赛中占据主动，新势力也一样，软件公司则因为自动驾驶而开辟了新的蓝海。</p>\n<p>而且，现在新兴的产业机会并不多，好不容易等来了汽车业百年未有之大变局，当然要去搏杀，一开始就作壁上观，看着大好机会白白溜走，不是件好受的事。</p>\n<p>何况，现在才刚开战，胜负未分，敢于入场厮杀的公司，都不是吃素的，论资金、论人才、论技术储备，虽有差异，但说不上谁一定赢，谁一定输。既然如此，早早就退出，将市场拱手让人，这不是做生意应该有的姿态，即使最后战死，也好过一开始就做逃兵。</p>\n<p>公说公有理，婆说婆有理，最后只有交给市场。</p>\n<p>展望未来，从参与者的角度看，因为<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/YJ\">云集</a>了太多开发商，自动驾驶市场将会非常热闹；从竞争的角度看，自动驾驶市场将上演残酷的厮杀；从路径发展上看，很可能是大佬入局--资本砸钱--泡沫催化--泡沫形成--泡沫破灭--涅槃重生。</p>\n<p><b>自动驾驶需要一场泡沫，也应该有一场泡沫。</b></p>\n<p>从资本的角度看，自动驾驶大概率会先来一场资本盛宴，然后演变成一场资本泡沫，最后泡沫破灭之后，走出了真正的强者。</p>\n<p><b>对于国家、产业、消费者和最后走出的强者，这场泡沫是“白洞”，因为它造就了百年汽车最重大的革命；而对于因此而倒下的开发商和资本方，这场泡沫将是巨大的“黑洞”，吞噬一切。</b></p>\n<h3>3</h3>\n<h3><b>作为投资者，应该干嘛？</b></h3>\n<p>言归投资，要避免掉进“黑洞”，就需要寻找产业链里最有价值的东西，有两个值得重点跟进。</p>\n<p>第一，<b>AI芯片和算法</b>，现在的竞争格局，基本成了巨头们的角力场，而且都是两者通吃，特斯拉有FSD芯片和算法，百度有昆仑芯片和Apollo，华为有麒麟芯片和鸿蒙，连小鹏也说要自研芯片，和自己的NGP形成呼应。所以，不管软件公司还是整车厂，如果没有足够实力同时拿下芯片和算法，却要声称自研自动驾驶系统，这类公司很可能掉队。</p>\n<p>当然，对于整车厂而言，并非个个都要自己做自动驾驶系统，可以选择购买其他软件厂商的系统，自己则专注于整车设计、生产、基建、营销、售后等环节，也不失为好的策略。</p>\n<p>自动驾驶的研发是烧钱的活儿，AI芯片和算法人才也都非常紧缺，巨头们都在第一时间锁住人才，论财力，巨头们也不缺。如果后面才介入，基本连汤都难喝到。</p>\n<p>所以，押注这个领域，除了巨头，貌似也没其他选择了。</p>\n<p>第二，<b>激光雷达</b>，“格隆汇研究”公众号在前期的文章《激光雷达，自动驾驶赛道的新宠儿》做过专门的分析，这里不再赘述。</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c9ef019c47d40b874ba2dc071fa8f576\" tg-width=\"831\" tg-height=\"341\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">只讲一个最简单的底层逻辑，自动驾驶是人命关天的大事，对行驶过程中周遭的环境感知必须非常灵敏、精准和全面，而激光雷达这方面有着天然优势，远比摄像头、超声波雷达、毫米波雷达要牛。此前，激光雷达因为价格过万而被质疑商业化能力，现在华为已经成功将成本降到几百块的“白菜价”，量产障碍扫除，按照中国人做生意的脾性，后面会陆陆续续出现更多的激光雷达厂家。</p>\n<p>如果觉得这两个赛道太拥挤，也可以寻找一些细分领域有亮点公司，比如<b>专注做卡车自动驾驶系统的开发商</b>，这个领域有意思的地方在于，卡车的行驶场景和路线可以相对简单、固定，比如点对点的高速公路货运、港口装卸区的来回、工厂区的货物上下，这些地方容易实现人车分离，在港口区或者工厂区建空中行人区，人和车在空间上完全隔离，车上就没必要坐人，车撞人的概率就可以极大地降低。即使车撞上了，损失的是货物，不至于死人，因为人命才值钱。</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/5086df362e7f1465bf4f44805d8d61de\" tg-width=\"831\" tg-height=\"536\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"></p>\n<p>这些公司的领导人懂得，和巨头拼资金、拼人才，不一定拼得过，所以不如选择差异化路线，深入挖掘一下巨头暂时忽略的细分领域，开发难度、开发成本、竞争压力会相对低一些。退一万步讲，即使哪天巨头们后知后觉，要大举杀入的时候，自己还可以凭借长期的积累，保留被巨头收编的资格。</p>\n<h3>4</h3>\n<h3><b>结语</b></h3>\n<p>自动驾驶的出现，实现汽车业过去一百年都没能实现的事情，这是足够大的生意，也是足够大、足够多的投资机会。</p>\n<p><b>但是，这些赛道仍然有很多等待突破的东西，有许多需要商业化落地和检验的东西，在这些东西没有明朗化之前，投资的坑是非常多的，借信息不对称，借投资者不明就里的时间窗口，趁机割韭菜的人，多的是。</b></p>\n<p>对于投资者而言，如果有能力在早期就看透底层逻辑，发掘到投资机会，可以大胆押注；等到形势明朗化，出现向上拐点，或者出现爆发迹象之时，再押注，也不会晚；在狂热期，泡沫吹大之时，有能力跟随泡沫起舞的，也不失为押注时机，但如果没有能力急流勇退，还是多一份冷静好。</p>\n<p><b>现在，也正需要这样一份冷静。</b></p>","source":"gelonghui_highlight","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>自动驾驶需要一场泡沫</title>\n<style 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}\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n自动驾驶需要一场泡沫\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2021-04-21 21:11 北京时间&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=http://www.gelonghui.com/p/461708><strong>格隆汇</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>一个行业有“钱景”，必然引发一阵“骚乱”。\n十年前是智能手机，现在是智能汽车。作为智能汽车最引人注目的应用，自动驾驶无疑最能撩拨产业界的神经。现在，除了特斯拉、Google、百度这些先行者，连华为也进来了，并放出要吊打特斯拉的豪言。\n吊不吊打特斯拉有待验证，但是华为带来的自动驾驶首先在股市牵起一阵热潮。多个概念股相继涨停。\n\n从产业前景看，自动驾驶是星辰大海，但是从资本投入来看，它也可能成为吞噬...</p>\n\n<a href=\"http://www.gelonghui.com/p/461708\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e90c8e408a27094af0ec585715f7e80c","relate_stocks":{"TSLA":"特斯拉","BIDU":"百度","GOOG":"谷歌"},"source_url":"http://www.gelonghui.com/p/461708","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/6b8fa6424aebe95f6781d04ef17a1852","article_id":"2129871712","content_text":"一个行业有“钱景”，必然引发一阵“骚乱”。\n十年前是智能手机，现在是智能汽车。作为智能汽车最引人注目的应用，自动驾驶无疑最能撩拨产业界的神经。现在，除了特斯拉、Google、百度这些先行者，连华为也进来了，并放出要吊打特斯拉的豪言。\n吊不吊打特斯拉有待验证，但是华为带来的自动驾驶首先在股市牵起一阵热潮。多个概念股相继涨停。\n\n从产业前景看，自动驾驶是星辰大海，但是从资本投入来看，它也可能成为吞噬一切的黑洞。\n1\n双寡头还是百家争鸣？\n计算机革命开启了电子业硬件、软件各自独立又相互依存的格局，智能手机承载了这个衣钵，到现在的智能汽车，很自然会照葫芦画瓢。\n于是，在自动驾驶系统上，出现类似苹果封闭IOS系统和Google开放安卓系统的局面，代表有特斯拉FSD和Google Waymo。\n\n但是，和手机操作系统稳定的双寡头格局不同的是，除了特斯拉和Google，还有很多其他的参与者，软硬件通吃的厂商就有通用、小鹏，百度、苹果也说要造车，软件厂商就更多了，名气大如华为，小一点的有Pony.ai、Nuro.ai、图森未来等，图森未来更成为首家登陆美股的自动驾驶软件厂商。\n所以，有人提出自动驾驶不应该只有“IOS”和“安卓”，而是百家争鸣的局面。\n这种说法也不是没有道理，从理论上讲，智能手机操作系统只需要搭建基础的框架，其他的应用有待开发者去完善，之后再形成完善的生态系统。\n开发者不需要是操作系统公司，可以是第三方公司，觉得哪些功能有需求，就自己在源代码的基础上开发APP，这就类似于政府把地块整理好，把自己应该承担的基础设施建设好，然后供地产商在上面建住宅也好，建商场也行，建厂房、建写字楼都行，最终形成完善的城市设施。\n而且，手机的应用场景非常多，金融的、购物的、社交的、娱乐的，全都给操作系统公司做，等于城市的所有设施都让政府建，这将相当费劲和相当低效，倒不如把这些任务交给第三方开发者，同时让他们分享成果，一旦和众多的开发者、用户绑定在一起，就很容易形成垄断优势，新进入的操作系统就很难有生存空间。\n这是妥妥的三赢。\n但是，自动驾驶系统不一样，作为用户，你总不能拿到一个“裸系统”，然后再自己去安装刹车APP、方向盘APP、自动泊车APP吧，这得是多差的用户体验？要是忘记安装哪个APP，是不是意味着自动驾驶不了了？更要命的是，忘了装刹车APP就开自动上路，万一该刹车时不刹，那不等于拿人命开玩笑？\n\n换句话说，开发商给到用户的，不应该是一个仅仅整理好的“地块”，也不应该只建了部分基础设施的“地块”，而应该是一座具备完善设施的“城市”。所以，自动驾驶系统一出来就应该是完善的，不能缺胳膊少腿，也不能寄希望于由第三方去完善，除非是一些非关键性的、加强体验性质的东西。\n另外，自动驾驶系统的功能相对单一，只是替代人去开车，不像手机有着太宽泛的应用，所以开发商本身也应该具备提供完善自动驾驶系统解决方案的能力。\n当然，作为开发商，在开发模式上，可以先做好基础架构，然后允许第三方开发者在上面添砖加瓦，事实上，百度就是这么做的，Apollo平台已经聚集了超过4.5万的开发者，这些做法并不矛盾，因为只要交付的是完善的系统方案即可。\n这么看来，自动驾驶系统好像真没必要一家或者两家独大，百家争鸣可能更有利于竞争，最终让消费者获益。相信这个逻辑也影响着众多入局自动驾驶的公司，给了他们前赴后继的勇气。\n事情果真如此吗？\n2\n百家争鸣真的可以实现？\n商业社会，质量、成本、效率是永远绕不开的“三角关系”。\n谁都希望得到“双高一低”--高质量、高效率同时低成本，但实际情况，这是“不可能三角”，顶多只能得到其中两个。把这个框架放在自动驾驶的百家争鸣上，冲突就随之而来。\n不同开发商的人才、资金、技术储备、开发效率都不一样，都来做这个事，重复开发不说，对各种资源的消耗，以及有可能出现的恶性竞争，显然和低成本背道而驰；即使每个开发商都能做出一样的质量、一样的成本，效率上也会有快慢，资金充足、人才丰富的会快一点，相反就有可能会慢一点；而如果既要高质量，又要高效率，那就得比拼谁的钱多，不同开发商手头的资金、融资能力、融资成本也是千差万别。\n不管从哪个角度看，都是既要又要还要的事，所以理论上不应该存在过多的自动驾驶系统开发商。\n只是，从开发商的角度，看法可能完全相反。\n在智能汽车最重要的应用场景，没有厂商希望自己变成局外人，如果在这场竞赛中能够最终获胜，那都是白花花的银子，这是相当有诱惑力的事情。往更长远的方向讲，传统造车有可能因为拥有自动驾驶开发能力，在汽车业的淘汰赛中占据主动，新势力也一样，软件公司则因为自动驾驶而开辟了新的蓝海。\n而且，现在新兴的产业机会并不多，好不容易等来了汽车业百年未有之大变局，当然要去搏杀，一开始就作壁上观，看着大好机会白白溜走，不是件好受的事。\n何况，现在才刚开战，胜负未分，敢于入场厮杀的公司，都不是吃素的，论资金、论人才、论技术储备，虽有差异，但说不上谁一定赢，谁一定输。既然如此，早早就退出，将市场拱手让人，这不是做生意应该有的姿态，即使最后战死，也好过一开始就做逃兵。\n公说公有理，婆说婆有理，最后只有交给市场。\n展望未来，从参与者的角度看，因为云集了太多开发商，自动驾驶市场将会非常热闹；从竞争的角度看，自动驾驶市场将上演残酷的厮杀；从路径发展上看，很可能是大佬入局--资本砸钱--泡沫催化--泡沫形成--泡沫破灭--涅槃重生。\n自动驾驶需要一场泡沫，也应该有一场泡沫。\n从资本的角度看，自动驾驶大概率会先来一场资本盛宴，然后演变成一场资本泡沫，最后泡沫破灭之后，走出了真正的强者。\n对于国家、产业、消费者和最后走出的强者，这场泡沫是“白洞”，因为它造就了百年汽车最重大的革命；而对于因此而倒下的开发商和资本方，这场泡沫将是巨大的“黑洞”，吞噬一切。\n3\n作为投资者，应该干嘛？\n言归投资，要避免掉进“黑洞”，就需要寻找产业链里最有价值的东西，有两个值得重点跟进。\n第一，AI芯片和算法，现在的竞争格局，基本成了巨头们的角力场，而且都是两者通吃，特斯拉有FSD芯片和算法，百度有昆仑芯片和Apollo，华为有麒麟芯片和鸿蒙，连小鹏也说要自研芯片，和自己的NGP形成呼应。所以，不管软件公司还是整车厂，如果没有足够实力同时拿下芯片和算法，却要声称自研自动驾驶系统，这类公司很可能掉队。\n当然，对于整车厂而言，并非个个都要自己做自动驾驶系统，可以选择购买其他软件厂商的系统，自己则专注于整车设计、生产、基建、营销、售后等环节，也不失为好的策略。\n自动驾驶的研发是烧钱的活儿，AI芯片和算法人才也都非常紧缺，巨头们都在第一时间锁住人才，论财力，巨头们也不缺。如果后面才介入，基本连汤都难喝到。\n所以，押注这个领域，除了巨头，貌似也没其他选择了。\n第二，激光雷达，“格隆汇研究”公众号在前期的文章《激光雷达，自动驾驶赛道的新宠儿》做过专门的分析，这里不再赘述。\n只讲一个最简单的底层逻辑，自动驾驶是人命关天的大事，对行驶过程中周遭的环境感知必须非常灵敏、精准和全面，而激光雷达这方面有着天然优势，远比摄像头、超声波雷达、毫米波雷达要牛。此前，激光雷达因为价格过万而被质疑商业化能力，现在华为已经成功将成本降到几百块的“白菜价”，量产障碍扫除，按照中国人做生意的脾性，后面会陆陆续续出现更多的激光雷达厂家。\n如果觉得这两个赛道太拥挤，也可以寻找一些细分领域有亮点公司，比如专注做卡车自动驾驶系统的开发商，这个领域有意思的地方在于，卡车的行驶场景和路线可以相对简单、固定，比如点对点的高速公路货运、港口装卸区的来回、工厂区的货物上下，这些地方容易实现人车分离，在港口区或者工厂区建空中行人区，人和车在空间上完全隔离，车上就没必要坐人，车撞人的概率就可以极大地降低。即使车撞上了，损失的是货物，不至于死人，因为人命才值钱。\n\n这些公司的领导人懂得，和巨头拼资金、拼人才，不一定拼得过，所以不如选择差异化路线，深入挖掘一下巨头暂时忽略的细分领域，开发难度、开发成本、竞争压力会相对低一些。退一万步讲，即使哪天巨头们后知后觉，要大举杀入的时候，自己还可以凭借长期的积累，保留被巨头收编的资格。\n4\n结语\n自动驾驶的出现，实现汽车业过去一百年都没能实现的事情，这是足够大的生意，也是足够大、足够多的投资机会。\n但是，这些赛道仍然有很多等待突破的东西，有许多需要商业化落地和检验的东西，在这些东西没有明朗化之前，投资的坑是非常多的，借信息不对称，借投资者不明就里的时间窗口，趁机割韭菜的人，多的是。\n对于投资者而言，如果有能力在早期就看透底层逻辑，发掘到投资机会，可以大胆押注；等到形势明朗化，出现向上拐点，或者出现爆发迹象之时，再押注，也不会晚；在狂热期，泡沫吹大之时，有能力跟随泡沫起舞的，也不失为押注时机，但如果没有能力急流勇退，还是多一份冷静好。\n现在，也正需要这样一份冷静。","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"BIDU":0.9,"GOOG":0.9,"TSLA":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":3395,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":373869403,"gmtCreate":1618839289502,"gmtModify":1618839289502,"author":{"id":"3570774907087838","authorId":"3570774907087838","name":"老王很正直","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/21265033307b198654d44a0fb71995a5","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3570774907087838","authorIdStr":"3570774907087838"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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href=http://xhpfmapi.zhongguowangshi.com/vh512/share/9643455?channel=weixin><strong>新华网</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>12月28日，今日泡泡玛特盘中一度大跌超15%，近日，新华社发文评价盲盒经济，文中称，盲盒不仅成为一个经济现象，也反映了当下中国年轻人，特别是“95后”一代的心理和生活状态。惊喜和期待的背后，“盲盒热”所带来的上瘾和赌博心理也在滋生畸形消费，不少盲盒爱好者每月花费不菲，正所谓“一入盲盒深似海，从此钱包是路人”。对此专家建议，家长和老师应引导未成年人形成良好消费观，避免误入消费圈套。同时，监管部门应...</p>\n\n<a href=\"http://xhpfmapi.zhongguowangshi.com/vh512/share/9643455?channel=weixin\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/35102a1b6260a1358937746487cafa42","relate_stocks":{"09992":"泡泡玛特"},"source_url":"http://xhpfmapi.zhongguowangshi.com/vh512/share/9643455?channel=weixin","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1172423226","content_text":"12月28日，今日泡泡玛特盘中一度大跌超15%，近日，新华社发文评价盲盒经济，文中称，盲盒不仅成为一个经济现象，也反映了当下中国年轻人，特别是“95后”一代的心理和生活状态。惊喜和期待的背后，“盲盒热”所带来的上瘾和赌博心理也在滋生畸形消费，不少盲盒爱好者每月花费不菲，正所谓“一入盲盒深似海，从此钱包是路人”。对此专家建议，家长和老师应引导未成年人形成良好消费观，避免误入消费圈套。同时，监管部门应进一步规范盲盒经营模式，避免其畸形发展，给社会和青少年成长带来负面影响。当下年轻人的心理和生活状态“90后”庄楚娴在大四那年收获了第一个盲盒——Sonny Angel动物系列的一只小羊玩偶，此后她不断期待着更多玩偶的到来。五年里，她共收集了30多个不同系列、造型各异的玩偶。“我把这些玩具错落有致地摆放在书桌和窗台上，感觉找回了童心。”庄楚娴说，她会随身携带着那只小羊玩偶，不管是出国读书，还是外出旅游，它就像一个很好的伴侣。盲盒就是在盒子中放置不同样式的玩偶，消费者凭借运气抽取，有时抽到重复的固定款，有时则抽到心仪款或者隐藏款。这种随机化的体验让不少年轻人感到新鲜刺激，选择“入坑”。消费者通过盲盒自动售卖机上抽盲盒。新华社记者 陆浩 摄天猫2019年发布的《95后玩家剁手力榜单》显示，手办超过潮鞋和电竞成为“95后”热度最高的爱好之一，过去一年在国内知名电商平台上，大约20万消费者在盲盒上的花费超过2万元人民币。跟踪玩具市场动向的头豹研究院数据显示，国内盲盒市场市值已超过25亿元人民币，2014年至2018年的年均复合增长率达15.6%。抽到的盲盒。新华社记者 陆浩 摄盲盒不仅成为一个经济现象，也反映了当下中国年轻人，特别是“95后”一代的心理和生活状态。华南师范大学心理学院副教授韦文琦对记者表示，对学生和上班族来说，写一篇论文做一个项目往往需要较长时间才能完成，盲盒的即时性能让消费者在当下就得到满足，“在物质丰富的时代，比起实用价值，年轻人更注重物品带给自己的情绪价值。”一个盲盒的售价在49元到79元人民币不等，也有上百元的。不少玩家表示，花几十元获取一个小快乐挺值得的。盲盒不仅是一个玩具，还是一种能够满足归属与爱等需求的媒介。特别是对于面临社交恐惧症等问题的年轻群体而言，盲盒不仅给予他们精神寄托，更带给他们认识朋友的机会。消费者在盲盒自动售卖机上挑选想要的盲盒系列。新华社记者 陆浩 摄韦文琦说，玩家们可以交换重复的盲盒，或者在二手市场买到盲盒，玩家们在自己的圈子谈论着共同的兴趣和话题，“在越来越宅的信息化时代，许多年轻人通过抽盲盒结识了许多志趣相投的朋友，在盲盒的圈子里面找到了归属感。”对年轻人而言，盲盒更是承载了他们这代人的记忆。从过去装在方便面里的水浒卡片，到后来的福袋、扭蛋，甚至在电子游戏里抽游戏皮肤，各种类型的盲盒不仅伴随着他们的成长，也成为他们情感的寄托。正如电影《阿甘正传》里所说：“人生就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道下一块是什么味道。”其实盲盒也像一盒巧克力，买家也不知道打开下一个盲盒会不会有自己想要的。年轻人在线下的潮玩店内抽盲盒。新华社记者 陆浩 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