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Dyllan
2021-06-23
ETF will not go wrong. Unless Tesla goes down, expect ark to continue to climb
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Dyllan
2021-06-16
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Cathay working with Airbus on single-pilot system for long-haul<blockquote>国泰航空与空客合作开发长途单飞行员系统</blockquote>
Dyllan
2021-06-16
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Unless Tesla goes down, expect ark to continue to climb","listText":"ETF will not go wrong. Unless Tesla goes down, expect ark to continue to climb","text":"ETF will not go wrong. Unless Tesla goes down, expect ark to continue to climb","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":8,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/121656011","repostId":"1104807513","repostType":2,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2583,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":163018893,"gmtCreate":1623853255912,"gmtModify":1634027036150,"author":{"id":"3576561613399364","authorId":"3576561613399364","name":"Dyllan","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":12,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3576561613399364","idStr":"3576561613399364"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Give a like!","listText":"Give a like!","text":"Give a like!","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/163018893","repostId":"1128941988","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1128941988","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1623841860,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1128941988?lang=zh_CN&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-06-16 19:11","market":"uk","language":"en","title":"Cathay working with Airbus on single-pilot system for long-haul<blockquote>国泰航空与空客合作开发长途单飞行员系统</blockquote>","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1128941988","media":"Reuters","summary":"PARIS (Reuters) - Cathay Pacific is working with Airbus to introduce \"reduced crew\" long-haul flight","content":"<p>PARIS (Reuters) - Cathay Pacific is working with Airbus to introduce \"reduced crew\" long-haul flights with a sole pilot in the cockpit much of the time, industry sources told Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>巴黎（路透社）-业内消息人士告诉路透社，国泰航空正在与空中客车公司合作，推出“减少机组人员”的长途航班，驾驶舱大部分时间只有一名飞行员。</blockquote></p><p> The programme, known within Airbus as Project Connect, aims to certify its A350 jet for single-pilot operations during high-altitude cruise, starting in 2025 on Cathay passenger flights, the sources said.</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称，该计划在空客内部被称为Project Connect，旨在认证其A350喷气式飞机在高空巡航期间的单飞行员操作，从2025年开始在国泰客运航班上运行。</blockquote></p><p> High hurdles remain on the path to international acceptance. Once cleared, longer flights would become possible with a pair of pilots alternating rest breaks, instead of the three or four currently needed to maintain at least two in the cockpit.</p><p><blockquote>在获得国际认可的道路上仍然存在很高的障碍。一旦获得批准，更长的飞行将成为可能，两名飞行员交替休息，而不是目前需要三到四名飞行员在驾驶舱内保持至少两名飞行员。</blockquote></p><p> That promises savings for airlines, amid uncertainty over the post-pandemic economics of intercontinental flying. But it is likely to encounter resistance from pilots already hit by mass layoffs, and safety concerns about aircraft automation.</p><p><blockquote>在大流行后洲际飞行经济存在不确定性的情况下，这有望为航空公司节省成本。但它可能会遇到已经受到大规模裁员打击的飞行员的阻力，以及对飞机自动化的安全担忧。</blockquote></p><p> Lufthansa has also worked on the single-pilot programme but currently has no plans to use it, a spokesman for the German carrier told Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>德国汉莎航空公司发言人告诉路透社，该公司也致力于单飞行员计划，但目前没有使用该计划的计划。</blockquote></p><p> Cathay Pacific Airways confirmed its involvement but said no decision had been made on eventual deployment.</p><p><blockquote>国泰航空证实了其参与，但表示尚未就最终部署做出决定。</blockquote></p><p> \"While we are engaging with Airbus in the development of the concept of reduced crew operations, we have not committed in any way to being the launch customer,\" the Hong Kong carrier said.</p><p><blockquote>这家香港航空公司表示：“虽然我们正在与空客合作开发减少机组人员运营的概念，但我们并未以任何方式承诺成为发射客户。”</blockquote></p><p> Commercial implementation would first require extensive testing, regulatory approval and pilot training with \"absolutely no compromise on safety\", Cathay said.</p><p><blockquote>国泰航空表示，商业实施首先需要广泛的测试、监管部门的批准和飞行员培训，“绝对不会损害安全性”。</blockquote></p><p> \"The appropriateness and effectiveness of any such rollout as well as (the) overall cost-benefit analysis (will) ultimately depend on how the pandemic plays out.\"</p><p><blockquote>“任何此类推出的适当性和有效性以及总体成本效益分析最终将取决于大流行的发展情况。”</blockquote></p><p> It added: \"Having said that, we will continue to engage with Airbus and to support development of the concept.\"</p><p><blockquote>它补充道：“话虽如此，我们将继续与空客合作并支持这一概念的发展。”</blockquote></p><p> Airbus has previously disclosed plans to add single-pilot capability to the A350, but the airlines' participation had not been reported. Work has resumed after the COVID-19 crisis paused the programme, Chief Test Pilot Christophe Cail said.</p><p><blockquote>空客此前曾披露过为A350增加单飞行员能力的计划，但尚未报道该航空公司的参与情况。首席试飞员Christophe Cail说，在新冠肺炎危机暂停该项目后，工作已经恢复。</blockquote></p><p> \"We've proven over decades we can enhance safety by putting the latest technology in aircraft,\" Cail told Reuters, declining to identify project partners. \"As for any design evolution, we are working with airlines.\"</p><p><blockquote>“几十年来，我们已经证明，我们可以通过将最新技术应用于飞机来提高安全性，”Cail告诉路透社，但他拒绝透露项目合作伙伴。“至于任何设计演变，我们正在与航空公司合作。”</blockquote></p><p> VITAL SIGNS</p><p><blockquote>生命体征</blockquote></p><p> Safe deployment will require constant monitoring of the solo pilot's alertness and vital signs by on-board systems, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has said.</p><p><blockquote>欧盟航空安全局（EASA）表示，安全部署需要机载系统持续监测单人飞行员的警觉性和生命体征。</blockquote></p><p> If the flight encounters a problem or the pilot flying is incapacitated, the resting copilot can be summoned within minutes. Both remain in the cockpit for take-off and landing.</p><p><blockquote>如果航班遇到问题或正在飞行的飞行员丧失能力，可以在几分钟内召唤正在休息的副驾驶。两人都留在驾驶舱内进行起飞和降落。</blockquote></p><p> \"Typically on long-haul flights when you're at cruise altitude there's very little happening in the cockpit,\" EASA chief Patrick Ky told a German press briefing in January.</p><p><blockquote>EASA负责人帕特里克·基(Patrick Ky)在一月份的德国新闻发布会上表示：“通常在长途航班上，当你处于巡航高度时，驾驶舱内几乎不会发生任何事情。”</blockquote></p><p> \"It makes sense to say OK, instead of having two in the cockpit, we can have one in the cockpit, the other one taking a rest, provided we're implementing technical solutions which make sure that if the single one falls asleep or has any problem, there won't be any unsafe conditions.\"</p><p><blockquote>“说好吧，我们可以让一个在驾驶舱里，另一个休息，而不是在驾驶舱里有两个，前提是我们正在实施技术解决方案，确保如果一个睡着了或者有任何问题，就不会有任何不安全的情况。”</blockquote></p><p> Pilot groups have voiced alarm.</p><p><blockquote>飞行员小组已经发出了警报。</blockquote></p><p> \"We struggle to understand the rationale,\" said Otjan de Bruijn, head of the European Cockpit Association representing EU pilots.</p><p><blockquote>“我们很难理解其中的基本原理，”代表欧盟飞行员的欧洲驾驶舱协会主席Otjan de Bruijn说。</blockquote></p><p> Invoking the 737 MAX crisis, which exposed Boeing's inappropriate links to U.S. regulators, De Bruijn said the programme's cost-cutting approach \"could lead to higher risks\".</p><p><blockquote>De Bruijn援引737 MAX危机表示，该计划的成本削减方法“可能会导致更高的风险”，该危机暴露了波音与美国监管机构的不当联系。</blockquote></p><p> Single-pilot operations, currently limited to planes with up to nine passengers, would need backing from U.N. aviation body ICAO and countries whose airspace they cross. China's support is key to any Cathay deployment.</p><p><blockquote>单飞行员操作目前仅限于最多可容纳9名乘客的飞机，需要联合国航空机构国际民航组织及其所经过领空的国家的支持。中国的支持是国泰任何部署的关键。</blockquote></p><p> EASA plans consultations this year and certification work in 2022, while acknowledging \"significant risk\" to the 2025 launch date, a spokesman said.</p><p><blockquote>一位发言人表示，EASA计划今年进行磋商，2022年进行认证工作，同时承认2025年发射日期存在“重大风险”。</blockquote></p><p> In a closed-door industry briefing this year, the agency suggested reduced-crew flights would begin with a single operator, according to notes of the meeting reviewed by Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>根据路透社查阅的会议记录，在今年的一次闭门行业简报中，该机构建议减少机组人员的航班将从单一运营商开始。</blockquote></p><p> EMERGENCY DESCENT</p><p><blockquote>紧急下降</blockquote></p><p> Airbus has designed an A350 autopilot upgrade and flight warning system changes to help a lone pilot manage failures, sources close to the project said.</p><p><blockquote>接近该项目的消息人士称，空中客车公司设计了A350自动驾驶仪升级和飞行警告系统变更，以帮助孤独的飞行员管理故障。</blockquote></p><p> The mid-sized plane is suitable because of its \"emergency descent\" feature that quickly reduces altitude without pilot input in the event of cabin depressurisation.</p><p><blockquote>中型飞机是合适的，因为它的“紧急下降”功能，在机舱减压的情况下，无需飞行员输入即可快速降低高度。</blockquote></p><p> Proponents suggest single-pilot operations may be accepted by a flying public used to crew leaving the cockpit for bathroom breaks. They also point to higher error rates from human pilots than automated systems.</p><p><blockquote>支持者建议，习惯机组人员离开驾驶舱去洗手间休息的飞行公众可能会接受单飞行员操作。他们还指出，人类飞行员的错误率高于自动化系统。</blockquote></p><p> Both arguments miss the point, according to a source close to Lufthansa - who said the airline's executives were advised last year that the programme could not meet safety goals.</p><p><blockquote>据一位接近汉莎航空的消息人士称，这两种说法都没有抓住要点，他表示，该航空公司的高管去年被告知该计划无法达到安全目标。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Flying solo for hours is a \"completely different story\", the source said, citing the 2009 AF447 disaster as an example of malfunctions occurring in cruise. The Air France A330's copilots lost control after its speed sensors failed over the Atlantic, while the captain was resting.</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称，单飞数小时是“完全不同的故事”，并引用2009年AF447灾难作为巡航中发生故障的例子。法航A330的副驾驶在大西洋上空速度传感器出现故障后失去控制，当时机长正在休息。</blockquote></p><p> \"Airbus would have had to make sure every situation can be handled autonomously without any pilot input for 15 minutes,\" the source said. \"And that couldn't be guaranteed.\"</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称：“空客必须确保每种情况都可以在15分钟内在没有任何飞行员输入的情况下自主处理。”“这是无法保证的。”</blockquote></p><p> Lufthansa has not withdrawn from Project Connect and remains involved as an adviser, its spokesman said.</p><p><blockquote>汉莎航空发言人表示，汉莎航空尚未退出Project Connect，仍作为顾问参与其中。</blockquote></p><p> While the airline has no plans to deploy single-pilot operations, he added, \"the suggestion that Lufthansa was an essential part of the project and then pulled back is not true.\"</p><p><blockquote>他补充说，虽然该航空公司没有部署单飞行员运营的计划，但“汉莎航空是该项目的重要组成部分然后又撤回的说法并不属实。”</blockquote></p><p> Single-pilot capability would add an A350 sales argument, experts say, and rival Boeing lacks an equivalent model with sufficient automation.</p><p><blockquote>专家表示，单飞行员能力将增加A350的销售理由，而竞争对手波音公司缺乏具有足够自动化的同等型号。</blockquote></p><p> Filippo Tomasello, a former EASA official, said the payroll and accommodation savings for long-haul crew would not be lost on airlines.</p><p><blockquote>前EASA官员Filippo Tomasello表示，航空公司不会损失长途机组人员的工资和住宿节省。</blockquote></p><p> \"COVID may end up accelerating this evolution because it's putting tremendous economic pressure on aviation,\" Tomasello predicted.</p><p><blockquote>托马塞洛预测：“新冠疫情最终可能会加速这种演变，因为它给航空业带来了巨大的经济压力。”</blockquote></p><p> \"If EASA certifies this solution, airlines will use it.\"</p><p><blockquote>“如果EASA认证了这个解决方案，航空公司就会使用它。”</blockquote></p><p></p>","source":"lsy1612507957220","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; 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color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nCathay working with Airbus on single-pilot system for long-haul<blockquote>国泰航空与空客合作开发长途单飞行员系统</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<p class=\"head\">\n<strong class=\"h-name small\">Reuters</strong><span class=\"h-time small\">2021-06-16 19:11</span>\n</p>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>PARIS (Reuters) - Cathay Pacific is working with Airbus to introduce \"reduced crew\" long-haul flights with a sole pilot in the cockpit much of the time, industry sources told Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>巴黎（路透社）-业内消息人士告诉路透社，国泰航空正在与空中客车公司合作，推出“减少机组人员”的长途航班，驾驶舱大部分时间只有一名飞行员。</blockquote></p><p> The programme, known within Airbus as Project Connect, aims to certify its A350 jet for single-pilot operations during high-altitude cruise, starting in 2025 on Cathay passenger flights, the sources said.</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称，该计划在空客内部被称为Project Connect，旨在认证其A350喷气式飞机在高空巡航期间的单飞行员操作，从2025年开始在国泰客运航班上运行。</blockquote></p><p> High hurdles remain on the path to international acceptance. Once cleared, longer flights would become possible with a pair of pilots alternating rest breaks, instead of the three or four currently needed to maintain at least two in the cockpit.</p><p><blockquote>在获得国际认可的道路上仍然存在很高的障碍。一旦获得批准，更长的飞行将成为可能，两名飞行员交替休息，而不是目前需要三到四名飞行员在驾驶舱内保持至少两名飞行员。</blockquote></p><p> That promises savings for airlines, amid uncertainty over the post-pandemic economics of intercontinental flying. But it is likely to encounter resistance from pilots already hit by mass layoffs, and safety concerns about aircraft automation.</p><p><blockquote>在大流行后洲际飞行经济存在不确定性的情况下，这有望为航空公司节省成本。但它可能会遇到已经受到大规模裁员打击的飞行员的阻力，以及对飞机自动化的安全担忧。</blockquote></p><p> Lufthansa has also worked on the single-pilot programme but currently has no plans to use it, a spokesman for the German carrier told Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>德国汉莎航空公司发言人告诉路透社，该公司也致力于单飞行员计划，但目前没有使用该计划的计划。</blockquote></p><p> Cathay Pacific Airways confirmed its involvement but said no decision had been made on eventual deployment.</p><p><blockquote>国泰航空证实了其参与，但表示尚未就最终部署做出决定。</blockquote></p><p> \"While we are engaging with Airbus in the development of the concept of reduced crew operations, we have not committed in any way to being the launch customer,\" the Hong Kong carrier said.</p><p><blockquote>这家香港航空公司表示：“虽然我们正在与空客合作开发减少机组人员运营的概念，但我们并未以任何方式承诺成为发射客户。”</blockquote></p><p> Commercial implementation would first require extensive testing, regulatory approval and pilot training with \"absolutely no compromise on safety\", Cathay said.</p><p><blockquote>国泰航空表示，商业实施首先需要广泛的测试、监管部门的批准和飞行员培训，“绝对不会损害安全性”。</blockquote></p><p> \"The appropriateness and effectiveness of any such rollout as well as (the) overall cost-benefit analysis (will) ultimately depend on how the pandemic plays out.\"</p><p><blockquote>“任何此类推出的适当性和有效性以及总体成本效益分析最终将取决于大流行的发展情况。”</blockquote></p><p> It added: \"Having said that, we will continue to engage with Airbus and to support development of the concept.\"</p><p><blockquote>它补充道：“话虽如此，我们将继续与空客合作并支持这一概念的发展。”</blockquote></p><p> Airbus has previously disclosed plans to add single-pilot capability to the A350, but the airlines' participation had not been reported. Work has resumed after the COVID-19 crisis paused the programme, Chief Test Pilot Christophe Cail said.</p><p><blockquote>空客此前曾披露过为A350增加单飞行员能力的计划，但尚未报道该航空公司的参与情况。首席试飞员Christophe Cail说，在新冠肺炎危机暂停该项目后，工作已经恢复。</blockquote></p><p> \"We've proven over decades we can enhance safety by putting the latest technology in aircraft,\" Cail told Reuters, declining to identify project partners. \"As for any design evolution, we are working with airlines.\"</p><p><blockquote>“几十年来，我们已经证明，我们可以通过将最新技术应用于飞机来提高安全性，”Cail告诉路透社，但他拒绝透露项目合作伙伴。“至于任何设计演变，我们正在与航空公司合作。”</blockquote></p><p> VITAL SIGNS</p><p><blockquote>生命体征</blockquote></p><p> Safe deployment will require constant monitoring of the solo pilot's alertness and vital signs by on-board systems, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has said.</p><p><blockquote>欧盟航空安全局（EASA）表示，安全部署需要机载系统持续监测单人飞行员的警觉性和生命体征。</blockquote></p><p> If the flight encounters a problem or the pilot flying is incapacitated, the resting copilot can be summoned within minutes. Both remain in the cockpit for take-off and landing.</p><p><blockquote>如果航班遇到问题或正在飞行的飞行员丧失能力，可以在几分钟内召唤正在休息的副驾驶。两人都留在驾驶舱内进行起飞和降落。</blockquote></p><p> \"Typically on long-haul flights when you're at cruise altitude there's very little happening in the cockpit,\" EASA chief Patrick Ky told a German press briefing in January.</p><p><blockquote>EASA负责人帕特里克·基(Patrick Ky)在一月份的德国新闻发布会上表示：“通常在长途航班上，当你处于巡航高度时，驾驶舱内几乎不会发生任何事情。”</blockquote></p><p> \"It makes sense to say OK, instead of having two in the cockpit, we can have one in the cockpit, the other one taking a rest, provided we're implementing technical solutions which make sure that if the single one falls asleep or has any problem, there won't be any unsafe conditions.\"</p><p><blockquote>“说好吧，我们可以让一个在驾驶舱里，另一个休息，而不是在驾驶舱里有两个，前提是我们正在实施技术解决方案，确保如果一个睡着了或者有任何问题，就不会有任何不安全的情况。”</blockquote></p><p> Pilot groups have voiced alarm.</p><p><blockquote>飞行员小组已经发出了警报。</blockquote></p><p> \"We struggle to understand the rationale,\" said Otjan de Bruijn, head of the European Cockpit Association representing EU pilots.</p><p><blockquote>“我们很难理解其中的基本原理，”代表欧盟飞行员的欧洲驾驶舱协会主席Otjan de Bruijn说。</blockquote></p><p> Invoking the 737 MAX crisis, which exposed Boeing's inappropriate links to U.S. regulators, De Bruijn said the programme's cost-cutting approach \"could lead to higher risks\".</p><p><blockquote>De Bruijn援引737 MAX危机表示，该计划的成本削减方法“可能会导致更高的风险”，该危机暴露了波音与美国监管机构的不当联系。</blockquote></p><p> Single-pilot operations, currently limited to planes with up to nine passengers, would need backing from U.N. aviation body ICAO and countries whose airspace they cross. China's support is key to any Cathay deployment.</p><p><blockquote>单飞行员操作目前仅限于最多可容纳9名乘客的飞机，需要联合国航空机构国际民航组织及其所经过领空的国家的支持。中国的支持是国泰任何部署的关键。</blockquote></p><p> EASA plans consultations this year and certification work in 2022, while acknowledging \"significant risk\" to the 2025 launch date, a spokesman said.</p><p><blockquote>一位发言人表示，EASA计划今年进行磋商，2022年进行认证工作，同时承认2025年发射日期存在“重大风险”。</blockquote></p><p> In a closed-door industry briefing this year, the agency suggested reduced-crew flights would begin with a single operator, according to notes of the meeting reviewed by Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>根据路透社查阅的会议记录，在今年的一次闭门行业简报中，该机构建议减少机组人员的航班将从单一运营商开始。</blockquote></p><p> EMERGENCY DESCENT</p><p><blockquote>紧急下降</blockquote></p><p> Airbus has designed an A350 autopilot upgrade and flight warning system changes to help a lone pilot manage failures, sources close to the project said.</p><p><blockquote>接近该项目的消息人士称，空中客车公司设计了A350自动驾驶仪升级和飞行警告系统变更，以帮助孤独的飞行员管理故障。</blockquote></p><p> The mid-sized plane is suitable because of its \"emergency descent\" feature that quickly reduces altitude without pilot input in the event of cabin depressurisation.</p><p><blockquote>中型飞机是合适的，因为它的“紧急下降”功能，在机舱减压的情况下，无需飞行员输入即可快速降低高度。</blockquote></p><p> Proponents suggest single-pilot operations may be accepted by a flying public used to crew leaving the cockpit for bathroom breaks. They also point to higher error rates from human pilots than automated systems.</p><p><blockquote>支持者建议，习惯机组人员离开驾驶舱去洗手间休息的飞行公众可能会接受单飞行员操作。他们还指出，人类飞行员的错误率高于自动化系统。</blockquote></p><p> Both arguments miss the point, according to a source close to Lufthansa - who said the airline's executives were advised last year that the programme could not meet safety goals.</p><p><blockquote>据一位接近汉莎航空的消息人士称，这两种说法都没有抓住要点，他表示，该航空公司的高管去年被告知该计划无法达到安全目标。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Flying solo for hours is a \"completely different story\", the source said, citing the 2009 AF447 disaster as an example of malfunctions occurring in cruise. The Air France A330's copilots lost control after its speed sensors failed over the Atlantic, while the captain was resting.</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称，单飞数小时是“完全不同的故事”，并引用2009年AF447灾难作为巡航中发生故障的例子。法航A330的副驾驶在大西洋上空速度传感器出现故障后失去控制，当时机长正在休息。</blockquote></p><p> \"Airbus would have had to make sure every situation can be handled autonomously without any pilot input for 15 minutes,\" the source said. \"And that couldn't be guaranteed.\"</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称：“空客必须确保每种情况都可以在15分钟内在没有任何飞行员输入的情况下自主处理。”“这是无法保证的。”</blockquote></p><p> Lufthansa has not withdrawn from Project Connect and remains involved as an adviser, its spokesman said.</p><p><blockquote>汉莎航空发言人表示，汉莎航空尚未退出Project Connect，仍作为顾问参与其中。</blockquote></p><p> While the airline has no plans to deploy single-pilot operations, he added, \"the suggestion that Lufthansa was an essential part of the project and then pulled back is not true.\"</p><p><blockquote>他补充说，虽然该航空公司没有部署单飞行员运营的计划，但“汉莎航空是该项目的重要组成部分然后又撤回的说法并不属实。”</blockquote></p><p> Single-pilot capability would add an A350 sales argument, experts say, and rival Boeing lacks an equivalent model with sufficient automation.</p><p><blockquote>专家表示，单飞行员能力将增加A350的销售理由，而竞争对手波音公司缺乏具有足够自动化的同等型号。</blockquote></p><p> Filippo Tomasello, a former EASA official, said the payroll and accommodation savings for long-haul crew would not be lost on airlines.</p><p><blockquote>前EASA官员Filippo Tomasello表示，航空公司不会损失长途机组人员的工资和住宿节省。</blockquote></p><p> \"COVID may end up accelerating this evolution because it's putting tremendous economic pressure on aviation,\" Tomasello predicted.</p><p><blockquote>托马塞洛预测：“新冠疫情最终可能会加速这种演变，因为它给航空业带来了巨大的经济压力。”</blockquote></p><p> \"If EASA certifies this solution, airlines will use it.\"</p><p><blockquote>“如果EASA认证了这个解决方案，航空公司就会使用它。”</blockquote></p><p></p>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n<p> 来源：<a href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/exclusive-cathay-working-airbus-single-110037523.html\">Reuters</a></p>\n<p>为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化</p>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"0KVV.UK":"空中客车集团"},"source_url":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/exclusive-cathay-working-airbus-single-110037523.html","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1128941988","content_text":"PARIS (Reuters) - Cathay Pacific is working with Airbus to introduce \"reduced crew\" long-haul flights with a sole pilot in the cockpit much of the time, industry sources told Reuters.\nThe programme, known within Airbus as Project Connect, aims to certify its A350 jet for single-pilot operations during high-altitude cruise, starting in 2025 on Cathay passenger flights, the sources said.\nHigh hurdles remain on the path to international acceptance. Once cleared, longer flights would become possible with a pair of pilots alternating rest breaks, instead of the three or four currently needed to maintain at least two in the cockpit.\nThat promises savings for airlines, amid uncertainty over the post-pandemic economics of intercontinental flying. But it is likely to encounter resistance from pilots already hit by mass layoffs, and safety concerns about aircraft automation.\nLufthansa has also worked on the single-pilot programme but currently has no plans to use it, a spokesman for the German carrier told Reuters.\nCathay Pacific Airways confirmed its involvement but said no decision had been made on eventual deployment.\n\"While we are engaging with Airbus in the development of the concept of reduced crew operations, we have not committed in any way to being the launch customer,\" the Hong Kong carrier said.\nCommercial implementation would first require extensive testing, regulatory approval and pilot training with \"absolutely no compromise on safety\", Cathay said.\n\"The appropriateness and effectiveness of any such rollout as well as (the) overall cost-benefit analysis (will) ultimately depend on how the pandemic plays out.\"\nIt added: \"Having said that, we will continue to engage with Airbus and to support development of the concept.\"\nAirbus has previously disclosed plans to add single-pilot capability to the A350, but the airlines' participation had not been reported. Work has resumed after the COVID-19 crisis paused the programme, Chief Test Pilot Christophe Cail said.\n\"We've proven over decades we can enhance safety by putting the latest technology in aircraft,\" Cail told Reuters, declining to identify project partners. \"As for any design evolution, we are working with airlines.\"\nVITAL SIGNS\nSafe deployment will require constant monitoring of the solo pilot's alertness and vital signs by on-board systems, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has said.\nIf the flight encounters a problem or the pilot flying is incapacitated, the resting copilot can be summoned within minutes. Both remain in the cockpit for take-off and landing.\n\"Typically on long-haul flights when you're at cruise altitude there's very little happening in the cockpit,\" EASA chief Patrick Ky told a German press briefing in January.\n\"It makes sense to say OK, instead of having two in the cockpit, we can have one in the cockpit, the other one taking a rest, provided we're implementing technical solutions which make sure that if the single one falls asleep or has any problem, there won't be any unsafe conditions.\"\nPilot groups have voiced alarm.\n\"We struggle to understand the rationale,\" said Otjan de Bruijn, head of the European Cockpit Association representing EU pilots.\nInvoking the 737 MAX crisis, which exposed Boeing's inappropriate links to U.S. regulators, De Bruijn said the programme's cost-cutting approach \"could lead to higher risks\".\nSingle-pilot operations, currently limited to planes with up to nine passengers, would need backing from U.N. aviation body ICAO and countries whose airspace they cross. China's support is key to any Cathay deployment.\nEASA plans consultations this year and certification work in 2022, while acknowledging \"significant risk\" to the 2025 launch date, a spokesman said.\nIn a closed-door industry briefing this year, the agency suggested reduced-crew flights would begin with a single operator, according to notes of the meeting reviewed by Reuters.\nEMERGENCY DESCENT\nAirbus has designed an A350 autopilot upgrade and flight warning system changes to help a lone pilot manage failures, sources close to the project said.\nThe mid-sized plane is suitable because of its \"emergency descent\" feature that quickly reduces altitude without pilot input in the event of cabin depressurisation.\nProponents suggest single-pilot operations may be accepted by a flying public used to crew leaving the cockpit for bathroom breaks. They also point to higher error rates from human pilots than automated systems.\nBoth arguments miss the point, according to a source close to Lufthansa - who said the airline's executives were advised last year that the programme could not meet safety goals.\nFlying solo for hours is a \"completely different story\", the source said, citing the 2009 AF447 disaster as an example of malfunctions occurring in cruise. The Air France A330's copilots lost control after its speed sensors failed over the Atlantic, while the captain was resting.\n\"Airbus would have had to make sure every situation can be handled autonomously without any pilot input for 15 minutes,\" the source said. \"And that couldn't be guaranteed.\"\nLufthansa has not withdrawn from Project Connect and remains involved as an adviser, its spokesman said.\nWhile the airline has no plans to deploy single-pilot operations, he added, \"the suggestion that Lufthansa was an essential part of the project and then pulled back is not true.\"\nSingle-pilot capability would add an A350 sales argument, experts say, and rival Boeing lacks an equivalent model with sufficient automation.\nFilippo Tomasello, a former EASA official, said the payroll and accommodation savings for long-haul crew would not be lost on airlines.\n\"COVID may end up accelerating this evolution because it's putting tremendous economic pressure on aviation,\" Tomasello predicted.\n\"If EASA certifies this solution, airlines will use it.\"","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"EADSF":0.9,"0KVV.UK":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2591,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":163010843,"gmtCreate":1623853150182,"gmtModify":1634027039141,"author":{"id":"3576561613399364","authorId":"3576561613399364","name":"Dyllan","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":12,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3576561613399364","idStr":"3576561613399364"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"👍🏻👍🏻","listText":"👍🏻👍🏻","text":"👍🏻👍🏻","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/163010843","repostId":"1100405031","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1113,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0}],"hots":[{"id":121656011,"gmtCreate":1624463038533,"gmtModify":1634005732065,"author":{"id":"3576561613399364","authorId":"3576561613399364","name":"Dyllan","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":12,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3576561613399364","idStr":"3576561613399364"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"ETF will not go wrong. Unless Tesla goes down, expect ark to continue to climb","listText":"ETF will not go wrong. Unless Tesla goes down, expect ark to continue to climb","text":"ETF will not go wrong. Unless Tesla goes down, expect ark to continue to climb","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":8,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/121656011","repostId":"1104807513","repostType":2,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2583,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":163018893,"gmtCreate":1623853255912,"gmtModify":1634027036150,"author":{"id":"3576561613399364","authorId":"3576561613399364","name":"Dyllan","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":12,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3576561613399364","idStr":"3576561613399364"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Give a like!","listText":"Give a like!","text":"Give a like!","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/163018893","repostId":"1128941988","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1128941988","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1623841860,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1128941988?lang=zh_CN&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-06-16 19:11","market":"uk","language":"en","title":"Cathay working with Airbus on single-pilot system for long-haul<blockquote>国泰航空与空客合作开发长途单飞行员系统</blockquote>","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1128941988","media":"Reuters","summary":"PARIS (Reuters) - Cathay Pacific is working with Airbus to introduce \"reduced crew\" long-haul flight","content":"<p>PARIS (Reuters) - Cathay Pacific is working with Airbus to introduce \"reduced crew\" long-haul flights with a sole pilot in the cockpit much of the time, industry sources told Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>巴黎（路透社）-业内消息人士告诉路透社，国泰航空正在与空中客车公司合作，推出“减少机组人员”的长途航班，驾驶舱大部分时间只有一名飞行员。</blockquote></p><p> The programme, known within Airbus as Project Connect, aims to certify its A350 jet for single-pilot operations during high-altitude cruise, starting in 2025 on Cathay passenger flights, the sources said.</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称，该计划在空客内部被称为Project Connect，旨在认证其A350喷气式飞机在高空巡航期间的单飞行员操作，从2025年开始在国泰客运航班上运行。</blockquote></p><p> High hurdles remain on the path to international acceptance. Once cleared, longer flights would become possible with a pair of pilots alternating rest breaks, instead of the three or four currently needed to maintain at least two in the cockpit.</p><p><blockquote>在获得国际认可的道路上仍然存在很高的障碍。一旦获得批准，更长的飞行将成为可能，两名飞行员交替休息，而不是目前需要三到四名飞行员在驾驶舱内保持至少两名飞行员。</blockquote></p><p> That promises savings for airlines, amid uncertainty over the post-pandemic economics of intercontinental flying. But it is likely to encounter resistance from pilots already hit by mass layoffs, and safety concerns about aircraft automation.</p><p><blockquote>在大流行后洲际飞行经济存在不确定性的情况下，这有望为航空公司节省成本。但它可能会遇到已经受到大规模裁员打击的飞行员的阻力，以及对飞机自动化的安全担忧。</blockquote></p><p> Lufthansa has also worked on the single-pilot programme but currently has no plans to use it, a spokesman for the German carrier told Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>德国汉莎航空公司发言人告诉路透社，该公司也致力于单飞行员计划，但目前没有使用该计划的计划。</blockquote></p><p> Cathay Pacific Airways confirmed its involvement but said no decision had been made on eventual deployment.</p><p><blockquote>国泰航空证实了其参与，但表示尚未就最终部署做出决定。</blockquote></p><p> \"While we are engaging with Airbus in the development of the concept of reduced crew operations, we have not committed in any way to being the launch customer,\" the Hong Kong carrier said.</p><p><blockquote>这家香港航空公司表示：“虽然我们正在与空客合作开发减少机组人员运营的概念，但我们并未以任何方式承诺成为发射客户。”</blockquote></p><p> Commercial implementation would first require extensive testing, regulatory approval and pilot training with \"absolutely no compromise on safety\", Cathay said.</p><p><blockquote>国泰航空表示，商业实施首先需要广泛的测试、监管部门的批准和飞行员培训，“绝对不会损害安全性”。</blockquote></p><p> \"The appropriateness and effectiveness of any such rollout as well as (the) overall cost-benefit analysis (will) ultimately depend on how the pandemic plays out.\"</p><p><blockquote>“任何此类推出的适当性和有效性以及总体成本效益分析最终将取决于大流行的发展情况。”</blockquote></p><p> It added: \"Having said that, we will continue to engage with Airbus and to support development of the concept.\"</p><p><blockquote>它补充道：“话虽如此，我们将继续与空客合作并支持这一概念的发展。”</blockquote></p><p> Airbus has previously disclosed plans to add single-pilot capability to the A350, but the airlines' participation had not been reported. Work has resumed after the COVID-19 crisis paused the programme, Chief Test Pilot Christophe Cail said.</p><p><blockquote>空客此前曾披露过为A350增加单飞行员能力的计划，但尚未报道该航空公司的参与情况。首席试飞员Christophe Cail说，在新冠肺炎危机暂停该项目后，工作已经恢复。</blockquote></p><p> \"We've proven over decades we can enhance safety by putting the latest technology in aircraft,\" Cail told Reuters, declining to identify project partners. \"As for any design evolution, we are working with airlines.\"</p><p><blockquote>“几十年来，我们已经证明，我们可以通过将最新技术应用于飞机来提高安全性，”Cail告诉路透社，但他拒绝透露项目合作伙伴。“至于任何设计演变，我们正在与航空公司合作。”</blockquote></p><p> VITAL SIGNS</p><p><blockquote>生命体征</blockquote></p><p> Safe deployment will require constant monitoring of the solo pilot's alertness and vital signs by on-board systems, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has said.</p><p><blockquote>欧盟航空安全局（EASA）表示，安全部署需要机载系统持续监测单人飞行员的警觉性和生命体征。</blockquote></p><p> If the flight encounters a problem or the pilot flying is incapacitated, the resting copilot can be summoned within minutes. Both remain in the cockpit for take-off and landing.</p><p><blockquote>如果航班遇到问题或正在飞行的飞行员丧失能力，可以在几分钟内召唤正在休息的副驾驶。两人都留在驾驶舱内进行起飞和降落。</blockquote></p><p> \"Typically on long-haul flights when you're at cruise altitude there's very little happening in the cockpit,\" EASA chief Patrick Ky told a German press briefing in January.</p><p><blockquote>EASA负责人帕特里克·基(Patrick Ky)在一月份的德国新闻发布会上表示：“通常在长途航班上，当你处于巡航高度时，驾驶舱内几乎不会发生任何事情。”</blockquote></p><p> \"It makes sense to say OK, instead of having two in the cockpit, we can have one in the cockpit, the other one taking a rest, provided we're implementing technical solutions which make sure that if the single one falls asleep or has any problem, there won't be any unsafe conditions.\"</p><p><blockquote>“说好吧，我们可以让一个在驾驶舱里，另一个休息，而不是在驾驶舱里有两个，前提是我们正在实施技术解决方案，确保如果一个睡着了或者有任何问题，就不会有任何不安全的情况。”</blockquote></p><p> Pilot groups have voiced alarm.</p><p><blockquote>飞行员小组已经发出了警报。</blockquote></p><p> \"We struggle to understand the rationale,\" said Otjan de Bruijn, head of the European Cockpit Association representing EU pilots.</p><p><blockquote>“我们很难理解其中的基本原理，”代表欧盟飞行员的欧洲驾驶舱协会主席Otjan de Bruijn说。</blockquote></p><p> Invoking the 737 MAX crisis, which exposed Boeing's inappropriate links to U.S. regulators, De Bruijn said the programme's cost-cutting approach \"could lead to higher risks\".</p><p><blockquote>De Bruijn援引737 MAX危机表示，该计划的成本削减方法“可能会导致更高的风险”，该危机暴露了波音与美国监管机构的不当联系。</blockquote></p><p> Single-pilot operations, currently limited to planes with up to nine passengers, would need backing from U.N. aviation body ICAO and countries whose airspace they cross. China's support is key to any Cathay deployment.</p><p><blockquote>单飞行员操作目前仅限于最多可容纳9名乘客的飞机，需要联合国航空机构国际民航组织及其所经过领空的国家的支持。中国的支持是国泰任何部署的关键。</blockquote></p><p> EASA plans consultations this year and certification work in 2022, while acknowledging \"significant risk\" to the 2025 launch date, a spokesman said.</p><p><blockquote>一位发言人表示，EASA计划今年进行磋商，2022年进行认证工作，同时承认2025年发射日期存在“重大风险”。</blockquote></p><p> In a closed-door industry briefing this year, the agency suggested reduced-crew flights would begin with a single operator, according to notes of the meeting reviewed by Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>根据路透社查阅的会议记录，在今年的一次闭门行业简报中，该机构建议减少机组人员的航班将从单一运营商开始。</blockquote></p><p> EMERGENCY DESCENT</p><p><blockquote>紧急下降</blockquote></p><p> Airbus has designed an A350 autopilot upgrade and flight warning system changes to help a lone pilot manage failures, sources close to the project said.</p><p><blockquote>接近该项目的消息人士称，空中客车公司设计了A350自动驾驶仪升级和飞行警告系统变更，以帮助孤独的飞行员管理故障。</blockquote></p><p> The mid-sized plane is suitable because of its \"emergency descent\" feature that quickly reduces altitude without pilot input in the event of cabin depressurisation.</p><p><blockquote>中型飞机是合适的，因为它的“紧急下降”功能，在机舱减压的情况下，无需飞行员输入即可快速降低高度。</blockquote></p><p> Proponents suggest single-pilot operations may be accepted by a flying public used to crew leaving the cockpit for bathroom breaks. They also point to higher error rates from human pilots than automated systems.</p><p><blockquote>支持者建议，习惯机组人员离开驾驶舱去洗手间休息的飞行公众可能会接受单飞行员操作。他们还指出，人类飞行员的错误率高于自动化系统。</blockquote></p><p> Both arguments miss the point, according to a source close to Lufthansa - who said the airline's executives were advised last year that the programme could not meet safety goals.</p><p><blockquote>据一位接近汉莎航空的消息人士称，这两种说法都没有抓住要点，他表示，该航空公司的高管去年被告知该计划无法达到安全目标。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Flying solo for hours is a \"completely different story\", the source said, citing the 2009 AF447 disaster as an example of malfunctions occurring in cruise. The Air France A330's copilots lost control after its speed sensors failed over the Atlantic, while the captain was resting.</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称，单飞数小时是“完全不同的故事”，并引用2009年AF447灾难作为巡航中发生故障的例子。法航A330的副驾驶在大西洋上空速度传感器出现故障后失去控制，当时机长正在休息。</blockquote></p><p> \"Airbus would have had to make sure every situation can be handled autonomously without any pilot input for 15 minutes,\" the source said. \"And that couldn't be guaranteed.\"</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称：“空客必须确保每种情况都可以在15分钟内在没有任何飞行员输入的情况下自主处理。”“这是无法保证的。”</blockquote></p><p> Lufthansa has not withdrawn from Project Connect and remains involved as an adviser, its spokesman said.</p><p><blockquote>汉莎航空发言人表示，汉莎航空尚未退出Project Connect，仍作为顾问参与其中。</blockquote></p><p> While the airline has no plans to deploy single-pilot operations, he added, \"the suggestion that Lufthansa was an essential part of the project and then pulled back is not true.\"</p><p><blockquote>他补充说，虽然该航空公司没有部署单飞行员运营的计划，但“汉莎航空是该项目的重要组成部分然后又撤回的说法并不属实。”</blockquote></p><p> Single-pilot capability would add an A350 sales argument, experts say, and rival Boeing lacks an equivalent model with sufficient automation.</p><p><blockquote>专家表示，单飞行员能力将增加A350的销售理由，而竞争对手波音公司缺乏具有足够自动化的同等型号。</blockquote></p><p> Filippo Tomasello, a former EASA official, said the payroll and accommodation savings for long-haul crew would not be lost on airlines.</p><p><blockquote>前EASA官员Filippo Tomasello表示，航空公司不会损失长途机组人员的工资和住宿节省。</blockquote></p><p> \"COVID may end up accelerating this evolution because it's putting tremendous economic pressure on aviation,\" Tomasello predicted.</p><p><blockquote>托马塞洛预测：“新冠疫情最终可能会加速这种演变，因为它给航空业带来了巨大的经济压力。”</blockquote></p><p> \"If EASA certifies this solution, airlines will use it.\"</p><p><blockquote>“如果EASA认证了这个解决方案，航空公司就会使用它。”</blockquote></p><p></p>","source":"lsy1612507957220","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; 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color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nCathay working with Airbus on single-pilot system for long-haul<blockquote>国泰航空与空客合作开发长途单飞行员系统</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<p class=\"head\">\n<strong class=\"h-name small\">Reuters</strong><span class=\"h-time small\">2021-06-16 19:11</span>\n</p>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>PARIS (Reuters) - Cathay Pacific is working with Airbus to introduce \"reduced crew\" long-haul flights with a sole pilot in the cockpit much of the time, industry sources told Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>巴黎（路透社）-业内消息人士告诉路透社，国泰航空正在与空中客车公司合作，推出“减少机组人员”的长途航班，驾驶舱大部分时间只有一名飞行员。</blockquote></p><p> The programme, known within Airbus as Project Connect, aims to certify its A350 jet for single-pilot operations during high-altitude cruise, starting in 2025 on Cathay passenger flights, the sources said.</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称，该计划在空客内部被称为Project Connect，旨在认证其A350喷气式飞机在高空巡航期间的单飞行员操作，从2025年开始在国泰客运航班上运行。</blockquote></p><p> High hurdles remain on the path to international acceptance. Once cleared, longer flights would become possible with a pair of pilots alternating rest breaks, instead of the three or four currently needed to maintain at least two in the cockpit.</p><p><blockquote>在获得国际认可的道路上仍然存在很高的障碍。一旦获得批准，更长的飞行将成为可能，两名飞行员交替休息，而不是目前需要三到四名飞行员在驾驶舱内保持至少两名飞行员。</blockquote></p><p> That promises savings for airlines, amid uncertainty over the post-pandemic economics of intercontinental flying. But it is likely to encounter resistance from pilots already hit by mass layoffs, and safety concerns about aircraft automation.</p><p><blockquote>在大流行后洲际飞行经济存在不确定性的情况下，这有望为航空公司节省成本。但它可能会遇到已经受到大规模裁员打击的飞行员的阻力，以及对飞机自动化的安全担忧。</blockquote></p><p> Lufthansa has also worked on the single-pilot programme but currently has no plans to use it, a spokesman for the German carrier told Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>德国汉莎航空公司发言人告诉路透社，该公司也致力于单飞行员计划，但目前没有使用该计划的计划。</blockquote></p><p> Cathay Pacific Airways confirmed its involvement but said no decision had been made on eventual deployment.</p><p><blockquote>国泰航空证实了其参与，但表示尚未就最终部署做出决定。</blockquote></p><p> \"While we are engaging with Airbus in the development of the concept of reduced crew operations, we have not committed in any way to being the launch customer,\" the Hong Kong carrier said.</p><p><blockquote>这家香港航空公司表示：“虽然我们正在与空客合作开发减少机组人员运营的概念，但我们并未以任何方式承诺成为发射客户。”</blockquote></p><p> Commercial implementation would first require extensive testing, regulatory approval and pilot training with \"absolutely no compromise on safety\", Cathay said.</p><p><blockquote>国泰航空表示，商业实施首先需要广泛的测试、监管部门的批准和飞行员培训，“绝对不会损害安全性”。</blockquote></p><p> \"The appropriateness and effectiveness of any such rollout as well as (the) overall cost-benefit analysis (will) ultimately depend on how the pandemic plays out.\"</p><p><blockquote>“任何此类推出的适当性和有效性以及总体成本效益分析最终将取决于大流行的发展情况。”</blockquote></p><p> It added: \"Having said that, we will continue to engage with Airbus and to support development of the concept.\"</p><p><blockquote>它补充道：“话虽如此，我们将继续与空客合作并支持这一概念的发展。”</blockquote></p><p> Airbus has previously disclosed plans to add single-pilot capability to the A350, but the airlines' participation had not been reported. Work has resumed after the COVID-19 crisis paused the programme, Chief Test Pilot Christophe Cail said.</p><p><blockquote>空客此前曾披露过为A350增加单飞行员能力的计划，但尚未报道该航空公司的参与情况。首席试飞员Christophe Cail说，在新冠肺炎危机暂停该项目后，工作已经恢复。</blockquote></p><p> \"We've proven over decades we can enhance safety by putting the latest technology in aircraft,\" Cail told Reuters, declining to identify project partners. \"As for any design evolution, we are working with airlines.\"</p><p><blockquote>“几十年来，我们已经证明，我们可以通过将最新技术应用于飞机来提高安全性，”Cail告诉路透社，但他拒绝透露项目合作伙伴。“至于任何设计演变，我们正在与航空公司合作。”</blockquote></p><p> VITAL SIGNS</p><p><blockquote>生命体征</blockquote></p><p> Safe deployment will require constant monitoring of the solo pilot's alertness and vital signs by on-board systems, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has said.</p><p><blockquote>欧盟航空安全局（EASA）表示，安全部署需要机载系统持续监测单人飞行员的警觉性和生命体征。</blockquote></p><p> If the flight encounters a problem or the pilot flying is incapacitated, the resting copilot can be summoned within minutes. Both remain in the cockpit for take-off and landing.</p><p><blockquote>如果航班遇到问题或正在飞行的飞行员丧失能力，可以在几分钟内召唤正在休息的副驾驶。两人都留在驾驶舱内进行起飞和降落。</blockquote></p><p> \"Typically on long-haul flights when you're at cruise altitude there's very little happening in the cockpit,\" EASA chief Patrick Ky told a German press briefing in January.</p><p><blockquote>EASA负责人帕特里克·基(Patrick Ky)在一月份的德国新闻发布会上表示：“通常在长途航班上，当你处于巡航高度时，驾驶舱内几乎不会发生任何事情。”</blockquote></p><p> \"It makes sense to say OK, instead of having two in the cockpit, we can have one in the cockpit, the other one taking a rest, provided we're implementing technical solutions which make sure that if the single one falls asleep or has any problem, there won't be any unsafe conditions.\"</p><p><blockquote>“说好吧，我们可以让一个在驾驶舱里，另一个休息，而不是在驾驶舱里有两个，前提是我们正在实施技术解决方案，确保如果一个睡着了或者有任何问题，就不会有任何不安全的情况。”</blockquote></p><p> Pilot groups have voiced alarm.</p><p><blockquote>飞行员小组已经发出了警报。</blockquote></p><p> \"We struggle to understand the rationale,\" said Otjan de Bruijn, head of the European Cockpit Association representing EU pilots.</p><p><blockquote>“我们很难理解其中的基本原理，”代表欧盟飞行员的欧洲驾驶舱协会主席Otjan de Bruijn说。</blockquote></p><p> Invoking the 737 MAX crisis, which exposed Boeing's inappropriate links to U.S. regulators, De Bruijn said the programme's cost-cutting approach \"could lead to higher risks\".</p><p><blockquote>De Bruijn援引737 MAX危机表示，该计划的成本削减方法“可能会导致更高的风险”，该危机暴露了波音与美国监管机构的不当联系。</blockquote></p><p> Single-pilot operations, currently limited to planes with up to nine passengers, would need backing from U.N. aviation body ICAO and countries whose airspace they cross. China's support is key to any Cathay deployment.</p><p><blockquote>单飞行员操作目前仅限于最多可容纳9名乘客的飞机，需要联合国航空机构国际民航组织及其所经过领空的国家的支持。中国的支持是国泰任何部署的关键。</blockquote></p><p> EASA plans consultations this year and certification work in 2022, while acknowledging \"significant risk\" to the 2025 launch date, a spokesman said.</p><p><blockquote>一位发言人表示，EASA计划今年进行磋商，2022年进行认证工作，同时承认2025年发射日期存在“重大风险”。</blockquote></p><p> In a closed-door industry briefing this year, the agency suggested reduced-crew flights would begin with a single operator, according to notes of the meeting reviewed by Reuters.</p><p><blockquote>根据路透社查阅的会议记录，在今年的一次闭门行业简报中，该机构建议减少机组人员的航班将从单一运营商开始。</blockquote></p><p> EMERGENCY DESCENT</p><p><blockquote>紧急下降</blockquote></p><p> Airbus has designed an A350 autopilot upgrade and flight warning system changes to help a lone pilot manage failures, sources close to the project said.</p><p><blockquote>接近该项目的消息人士称，空中客车公司设计了A350自动驾驶仪升级和飞行警告系统变更，以帮助孤独的飞行员管理故障。</blockquote></p><p> The mid-sized plane is suitable because of its \"emergency descent\" feature that quickly reduces altitude without pilot input in the event of cabin depressurisation.</p><p><blockquote>中型飞机是合适的，因为它的“紧急下降”功能，在机舱减压的情况下，无需飞行员输入即可快速降低高度。</blockquote></p><p> Proponents suggest single-pilot operations may be accepted by a flying public used to crew leaving the cockpit for bathroom breaks. They also point to higher error rates from human pilots than automated systems.</p><p><blockquote>支持者建议，习惯机组人员离开驾驶舱去洗手间休息的飞行公众可能会接受单飞行员操作。他们还指出，人类飞行员的错误率高于自动化系统。</blockquote></p><p> Both arguments miss the point, according to a source close to Lufthansa - who said the airline's executives were advised last year that the programme could not meet safety goals.</p><p><blockquote>据一位接近汉莎航空的消息人士称，这两种说法都没有抓住要点，他表示，该航空公司的高管去年被告知该计划无法达到安全目标。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Flying solo for hours is a \"completely different story\", the source said, citing the 2009 AF447 disaster as an example of malfunctions occurring in cruise. The Air France A330's copilots lost control after its speed sensors failed over the Atlantic, while the captain was resting.</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称，单飞数小时是“完全不同的故事”，并引用2009年AF447灾难作为巡航中发生故障的例子。法航A330的副驾驶在大西洋上空速度传感器出现故障后失去控制，当时机长正在休息。</blockquote></p><p> \"Airbus would have had to make sure every situation can be handled autonomously without any pilot input for 15 minutes,\" the source said. \"And that couldn't be guaranteed.\"</p><p><blockquote>消息人士称：“空客必须确保每种情况都可以在15分钟内在没有任何飞行员输入的情况下自主处理。”“这是无法保证的。”</blockquote></p><p> Lufthansa has not withdrawn from Project Connect and remains involved as an adviser, its spokesman said.</p><p><blockquote>汉莎航空发言人表示，汉莎航空尚未退出Project Connect，仍作为顾问参与其中。</blockquote></p><p> While the airline has no plans to deploy single-pilot operations, he added, \"the suggestion that Lufthansa was an essential part of the project and then pulled back is not true.\"</p><p><blockquote>他补充说，虽然该航空公司没有部署单飞行员运营的计划，但“汉莎航空是该项目的重要组成部分然后又撤回的说法并不属实。”</blockquote></p><p> Single-pilot capability would add an A350 sales argument, experts say, and rival Boeing lacks an equivalent model with sufficient automation.</p><p><blockquote>专家表示，单飞行员能力将增加A350的销售理由，而竞争对手波音公司缺乏具有足够自动化的同等型号。</blockquote></p><p> Filippo Tomasello, a former EASA official, said the payroll and accommodation savings for long-haul crew would not be lost on airlines.</p><p><blockquote>前EASA官员Filippo Tomasello表示，航空公司不会损失长途机组人员的工资和住宿节省。</blockquote></p><p> \"COVID may end up accelerating this evolution because it's putting tremendous economic pressure on aviation,\" Tomasello predicted.</p><p><blockquote>托马塞洛预测：“新冠疫情最终可能会加速这种演变，因为它给航空业带来了巨大的经济压力。”</blockquote></p><p> \"If EASA certifies this solution, airlines will use it.\"</p><p><blockquote>“如果EASA认证了这个解决方案，航空公司就会使用它。”</blockquote></p><p></p>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n<p> 来源：<a href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/exclusive-cathay-working-airbus-single-110037523.html\">Reuters</a></p>\n<p>为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化</p>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"0KVV.UK":"空中客车集团"},"source_url":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/exclusive-cathay-working-airbus-single-110037523.html","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1128941988","content_text":"PARIS (Reuters) - Cathay Pacific is working with Airbus to introduce \"reduced crew\" long-haul flights with a sole pilot in the cockpit much of the time, industry sources told Reuters.\nThe programme, known within Airbus as Project Connect, aims to certify its A350 jet for single-pilot operations during high-altitude cruise, starting in 2025 on Cathay passenger flights, the sources said.\nHigh hurdles remain on the path to international acceptance. Once cleared, longer flights would become possible with a pair of pilots alternating rest breaks, instead of the three or four currently needed to maintain at least two in the cockpit.\nThat promises savings for airlines, amid uncertainty over the post-pandemic economics of intercontinental flying. But it is likely to encounter resistance from pilots already hit by mass layoffs, and safety concerns about aircraft automation.\nLufthansa has also worked on the single-pilot programme but currently has no plans to use it, a spokesman for the German carrier told Reuters.\nCathay Pacific Airways confirmed its involvement but said no decision had been made on eventual deployment.\n\"While we are engaging with Airbus in the development of the concept of reduced crew operations, we have not committed in any way to being the launch customer,\" the Hong Kong carrier said.\nCommercial implementation would first require extensive testing, regulatory approval and pilot training with \"absolutely no compromise on safety\", Cathay said.\n\"The appropriateness and effectiveness of any such rollout as well as (the) overall cost-benefit analysis (will) ultimately depend on how the pandemic plays out.\"\nIt added: \"Having said that, we will continue to engage with Airbus and to support development of the concept.\"\nAirbus has previously disclosed plans to add single-pilot capability to the A350, but the airlines' participation had not been reported. Work has resumed after the COVID-19 crisis paused the programme, Chief Test Pilot Christophe Cail said.\n\"We've proven over decades we can enhance safety by putting the latest technology in aircraft,\" Cail told Reuters, declining to identify project partners. \"As for any design evolution, we are working with airlines.\"\nVITAL SIGNS\nSafe deployment will require constant monitoring of the solo pilot's alertness and vital signs by on-board systems, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has said.\nIf the flight encounters a problem or the pilot flying is incapacitated, the resting copilot can be summoned within minutes. Both remain in the cockpit for take-off and landing.\n\"Typically on long-haul flights when you're at cruise altitude there's very little happening in the cockpit,\" EASA chief Patrick Ky told a German press briefing in January.\n\"It makes sense to say OK, instead of having two in the cockpit, we can have one in the cockpit, the other one taking a rest, provided we're implementing technical solutions which make sure that if the single one falls asleep or has any problem, there won't be any unsafe conditions.\"\nPilot groups have voiced alarm.\n\"We struggle to understand the rationale,\" said Otjan de Bruijn, head of the European Cockpit Association representing EU pilots.\nInvoking the 737 MAX crisis, which exposed Boeing's inappropriate links to U.S. regulators, De Bruijn said the programme's cost-cutting approach \"could lead to higher risks\".\nSingle-pilot operations, currently limited to planes with up to nine passengers, would need backing from U.N. aviation body ICAO and countries whose airspace they cross. China's support is key to any Cathay deployment.\nEASA plans consultations this year and certification work in 2022, while acknowledging \"significant risk\" to the 2025 launch date, a spokesman said.\nIn a closed-door industry briefing this year, the agency suggested reduced-crew flights would begin with a single operator, according to notes of the meeting reviewed by Reuters.\nEMERGENCY DESCENT\nAirbus has designed an A350 autopilot upgrade and flight warning system changes to help a lone pilot manage failures, sources close to the project said.\nThe mid-sized plane is suitable because of its \"emergency descent\" feature that quickly reduces altitude without pilot input in the event of cabin depressurisation.\nProponents suggest single-pilot operations may be accepted by a flying public used to crew leaving the cockpit for bathroom breaks. They also point to higher error rates from human pilots than automated systems.\nBoth arguments miss the point, according to a source close to Lufthansa - who said the airline's executives were advised last year that the programme could not meet safety goals.\nFlying solo for hours is a \"completely different story\", the source said, citing the 2009 AF447 disaster as an example of malfunctions occurring in cruise. The Air France A330's copilots lost control after its speed sensors failed over the Atlantic, while the captain was resting.\n\"Airbus would have had to make sure every situation can be handled autonomously without any pilot input for 15 minutes,\" the source said. \"And that couldn't be guaranteed.\"\nLufthansa has not withdrawn from Project Connect and remains involved as an adviser, its spokesman said.\nWhile the airline has no plans to deploy single-pilot operations, he added, \"the suggestion that Lufthansa was an essential part of the project and then pulled back is not true.\"\nSingle-pilot capability would add an A350 sales argument, experts say, and rival Boeing lacks an equivalent model with sufficient automation.\nFilippo Tomasello, a former EASA official, said the payroll and accommodation savings for long-haul crew would not be lost on airlines.\n\"COVID may end up accelerating this evolution because it's putting tremendous economic pressure on aviation,\" Tomasello predicted.\n\"If EASA certifies this solution, airlines will use it.\"","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"EADSF":0.9,"0KVV.UK":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2591,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":163010843,"gmtCreate":1623853150182,"gmtModify":1634027039141,"author":{"id":"3576561613399364","authorId":"3576561613399364","name":"Dyllan","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":12,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3576561613399364","idStr":"3576561613399364"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"👍🏻👍🏻","listText":"👍🏻👍🏻","text":"👍🏻👍🏻","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/163010843","repostId":"1100405031","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1113,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0}],"lives":[]}
