关税令美国生产者价格指数大幅下降

原文发表于美国时间2025-5-15

美国4月的零售销售额数据显示,唐纳德·特朗普总统在42日宣布的关税措施已开始产生影响,导致家庭的消费减少。

然而,尽管家庭支出有所控制,但4月生产者们面对的通胀压力却意外收缩,创下20204月以来的最大降幅,这显示出关税对各行业成本产生了通货紧缩效应。

美国人口普查局周四发布的数据报告显示,4月的美国零售销售额按月环比仅增长0.1%。这一结果与3月份上修后的1.7%的增幅形成鲜明对比,但略高于经济学家们认为数据会保持不变的预期。

汽车及零部件销售额下降了0.1%,对数据造成了一定拖累。由于消费者3月在关税生效前抢购,汽车相关销售额增长了5.5%

不包括汽车在内,零售销售额也增长了0.1%,低于30.8%的增幅,也低于0.3%的市场预期值。

不包括汽油和汽车在内的零售销售额略有改善,增长0.2%,但仍低于31.1%的增幅。

按年率计算,4月份零售销售额按年同比增长5.2%,与3月持平。

关税令生产者价格指数大幅下降

生产者价格指数按月环比下降了0.5%,创下20204月以来的最大降幅。这与3月份持平的数据形成鲜明对比,也低于经济学家预期的0.2%增幅。

与去年同期相比,生产者通胀率从3月份的3.1%降至2.4%,低于2.5%的市场预期值。

美国劳工统计局表示:“4月份最终需求指数的下降源于需求服务价格下降了0.7%。”

4月份最终需求服务指数下降的40%以上源于机械和车辆批发利润率下降6.1%。投资组合管理、食品和酒类批发、系统软件发行、旅客住宿和航空客运服务等行业的利润率也出现下降。

不包括食品和能源在内的核心生产者价格指数按月环比下降了0.4%,抹去了上月0.4%的涨幅,也远低于0.3%的预期。

与年率相比,核心生产者价格按年同比上涨3.1%,低于3月的4%,但与预期一致。

市场反应:国债收益率上升 股市下滑

美国股指期货在连续三天上涨后回落。截至美国东部时间上午8:40,标普500指数期货下跌0.3%,纳斯达克100指数期货下跌0.4%

与此同时,美元指数跌至100.7

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