社区
首页
集团介绍
社区
资讯
行情
学堂
TigerAI
登录
注册
胡乐乐
IP属地:河南
+关注
帖子 · 81
帖子 · 81
关注 · 0
关注 · 0
粉丝 · 0
粉丝 · 0
胡乐乐
胡乐乐
·
2022-09-29
$纳斯达克100指数(NDX)$
怀念特朗普时代,现在米国这个老年痴呆不管股市死活。
看
1,571
回复
评论
点赞
1
编组 21备份 2
分享
举报
胡乐乐
胡乐乐
·
2020-06-12
$微博(WB)$
涨时如便秘,跌时如拉稀,用这句话形容这个股是最准确的。
看
2,047
回复
评论
点赞
5
编组 21备份 2
分享
举报
胡乐乐
胡乐乐
·
2020-05-13
印钞多费劲呢,还用印钞啊,把每个人的账户里数字后面多加0就行了。
达里奥最新思考!美国疯狂印钞藏隐忧
“现金为王”一直被很多投资者奉为金科玉律,尤其是在经济形势不好,市场表现不佳的时候,持有现金往往被看作最保险的选择。在新冠疫情的冲击下,全球经济大衰退,股市剧烈震荡,债市违约风险陡增,“现金为王”的呼
达里奥最新思考!美国疯狂印钞藏隐忧
看
2,440
回复
评论
点赞
6
编组 21备份 2
分享
举报
胡乐乐
胡乐乐
·
2020-05-13
$微博(WB)$
卖了京东换的你真是倒霉。
看
1,949
回复
评论
点赞
4
编组 21备份 2
分享
举报
胡乐乐
胡乐乐
·
2020-05-13
$微博(WB)$
人家跌你跌,人家涨你野爹。
看
2,611
回复
评论
点赞
4
编组 21备份 2
分享
举报
胡乐乐
胡乐乐
·
2019-05-13
$道琼斯(.DJI)$ 有种今天再拉红。
看
1,830
回复
评论
点赞
点赞
编组 21备份 2
分享
举报
胡乐乐
胡乐乐
·
2019-05-07
$道琼斯(.DJI)$ 我查,这样让明天的A股又要千股跌停了。
看
4,463
回复
1
点赞
7
编组 21备份 2
分享
举报
胡乐乐
胡乐乐
·
2019-04-29
$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 新高新高再新高,老美跌一下会Si啊,我就做空你一手,你至于这样一直涨吗?
看
2,300
回复
2
点赞
1
编组 21备份 2
分享
举报
胡乐乐
胡乐乐
·
2019-04-29
$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 新高新高再新高
看
2,060
回复
评论
点赞
点赞
编组 21备份 2
分享
举报
胡乐乐
胡乐乐
·
2019-04-25
$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 太高看A股影响力了,拉不下去啊,明天A股还跌,不信你子小子不下来
看
1,771
回复
评论
点赞
5
编组 21备份 2
分享
举报
加载更多
暂无关注
热议股票
{"i18n":{"language":"zh_CN"},"isCurrentUser":false,"userPageInfo":{"id":"178763525534388","uuid":"178763525534388","gmtCreate":1462601360849,"gmtModify":1502464498104,"name":"胡乐乐","pinyin":"hllhulele","introduction":"","introductionEn":"","signature":"","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","hat":null,"hatId":null,"hatName":null,"vip":1,"status":2,"fanSize":2,"headSize":17,"tweetSize":81,"questionSize":0,"limitLevel":900,"accountStatus":4,"level":{"id":3,"name":"书生虎","nameTw":"書生虎","represent":"努力向上","factor":"发布10条非转发主帖,其中5条获得他人回复或点赞","iconColor":"3C9E83","bgColor":"A2F1D9"},"themeCounts":0,"badgeCounts":0,"badges":[],"moderator":false,"superModerator":false,"manageSymbols":null,"badgeLevel":null,"boolIsFan":false,"boolIsHead":false,"favoriteSize":0,"symbols":null,"coverImage":null,"realNameVerified":null,"userBadges":[{"badgeId":"35ec162348d5460f88c959321e554969-3","templateUuid":"35ec162348d5460f88c959321e554969","name":"传说交易员","description":"证券或期货账户累计交易次数达到300次","bigImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/656db16598a0b8f21429e10d6c1cb033","smallImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/03f10910d4dd9234f9b5702a3342193a","grayImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/0c767e35268feb729d50d3fa9a386c5a","redirectLinkEnabled":0,"redirectLink":null,"hasAllocated":1,"isWearing":0,"stamp":null,"stampPosition":0,"hasStamp":0,"allocationCount":1,"allocatedDate":"2025.08.22","exceedPercentage":"93.16%","individualDisplayEnabled":0,"backgroundColor":null,"fontColor":null,"individualDisplaySort":0,"categoryType":1100},{"badgeId":"228c86a078844d74991fff2b7ab2428d-1","templateUuid":"228c86a078844d74991fff2b7ab2428d","name":"投资经理虎","description":"证券账户累计交易金额达到10万美元","bigImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c8dfc27c1ee0e25db1c93e9d0b641101","smallImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f43908c142f8a33c78f5bdf0e2897488","grayImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/82165ff19cb8a786e8919f92acee5213","redirectLinkEnabled":0,"redirectLink":null,"hasAllocated":1,"isWearing":0,"stamp":null,"stampPosition":0,"hasStamp":0,"allocationCount":1,"allocatedDate":"2023.07.14","exceedPercentage":"60.49%","individualDisplayEnabled":0,"backgroundColor":null,"fontColor":null,"individualDisplaySort":0,"categoryType":1101},{"badgeId":"518b5610c3e8410da5cfad115e4b0f5a-1","templateUuid":"518b5610c3e8410da5cfad115e4b0f5a","name":"实盘交易者","description":"完成一笔实盘交易","bigImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2e08a1cc2087a1de93402c2c290fa65b","smallImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4504a6397ce1137932d56e5f4ce27166","grayImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4b22c79415b4cd6e3d8ebc4a0fa32604","redirectLinkEnabled":0,"redirectLink":null,"hasAllocated":1,"isWearing":0,"stamp":null,"stampPosition":0,"hasStamp":0,"allocationCount":1,"allocatedDate":"2021.12.21","exceedPercentage":null,"individualDisplayEnabled":0,"backgroundColor":null,"fontColor":null,"individualDisplaySort":0,"categoryType":1100},{"badgeId":"e50ce593bb40487ebfb542ca54f6a561-4","templateUuid":"e50ce593bb40487ebfb542ca54f6a561","name":"明星虎友","description":"加入老虎社区2000天","bigImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/dddf24b906c7011de2617d4fb3f76987","smallImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/53d58ad32c97254c6f74db8b97e6ec49","grayImgUrl":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6304700d92ad91c7a33e2e92ec32ecc1","redirectLinkEnabled":0,"redirectLink":null,"hasAllocated":1,"isWearing":0,"stamp":null,"stampPosition":0,"hasStamp":0,"allocationCount":1,"allocatedDate":"2021.12.18","exceedPercentage":null,"individualDisplayEnabled":0,"backgroundColor":null,"fontColor":null,"individualDisplaySort":0,"categoryType":1001}],"userBadgeCount":4,"currentWearingBadge":null,"individualDisplayBadges":null,"crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"location":"河南","starInvestorFollowerNum":0,"starInvestorFlag":false,"starInvestorOrderShareNum":0,"subscribeStarInvestorNum":0,"ror":null,"winRationPercentage":null,"showRor":false,"investmentPhilosophy":null,"starInvestorSubscribeFlag":false},"page":1,"watchlist":null,"tweetList":[{"id":668117072,"gmtCreate":1664464309296,"gmtModify":1664464575490,"author":{"id":"178763525534388","authorId":"178763525534388","name":"胡乐乐","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"178763525534388","authorIdStr":"178763525534388"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NDX\">$纳斯达克100指数(NDX)$</a>怀念特朗普时代,现在米国这个老年痴呆不管股市死活。","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/NDX\">$纳斯达克100指数(NDX)$</a>怀念特朗普时代,现在米国这个老年痴呆不管股市死活。","text":"$纳斯达克100指数(NDX)$怀念特朗普时代,现在米国这个老年痴呆不管股市死活。","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/668117072","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1571,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":952658542,"gmtCreate":1591970407086,"gmtModify":1704197815423,"author":{"id":"178763525534388","authorId":"178763525534388","name":"胡乐乐","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"178763525534388","authorIdStr":"178763525534388"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/WB\">$微博(WB)$</a>涨时如便秘,跌时如拉稀,用这句话形容这个股是最准确的。","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/WB\">$微博(WB)$</a>涨时如便秘,跌时如拉稀,用这句话形容这个股是最准确的。","text":"$微博(WB)$涨时如便秘,跌时如拉稀,用这句话形容这个股是最准确的。","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":5,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/952658542","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2047,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":950650297,"gmtCreate":1589378910919,"gmtModify":1704189699924,"author":{"id":"178763525534388","authorId":"178763525534388","name":"胡乐乐","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"178763525534388","authorIdStr":"178763525534388"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"印钞多费劲呢,还用印钞啊,把每个人的账户里数字后面多加0就行了。","listText":"印钞多费劲呢,还用印钞啊,把每个人的账户里数字后面多加0就行了。","text":"印钞多费劲呢,还用印钞啊,把每个人的账户里数字后面多加0就行了。","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":6,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/950650297","repostId":"1149766794","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1149766794","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1589359968,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1149766794?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2020-05-13 16:52","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"达里奥最新思考!美国疯狂印钞藏隐忧","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1149766794","media":"远川投资评论","summary":"“现金为王”一直被很多投资者奉为金科玉律,尤其是在经济形势不好,市场表现不佳的时候,持有现金往往被看作最保险的选择。在新冠疫情的冲击下,全球经济大衰退,股市剧烈震荡,债市违约风险陡增,“现金为王”的呼","content":"<p><span>“现金为王”一直被很多投资者奉为金科玉律,尤其是在经济形势不好,市场表现不佳的时候,持有现金往往被看作最保险的选择。在新冠疫情的冲击下,全球经济大衰退,股市剧烈震荡,债市违约风险陡增,“现金为王”的呼声渐高。即使整天喊着“别人恐慌我贪婪”的股神巴菲特,现金持有量也破了记录。</span></p>\n<p><span>不过,也有投资大佬对现金嗤之以鼻,如全球最大对冲基金桥水创始人达里欧,就是典型代表。他不止一次在公开场合说过“现金就是垃圾”的观点。虽然在今年一季度全球市场的暴跌中,达里欧被打脸,但他对于这一观点并没有改变,在4月初又重提了一次。</span></p>\n<p><span>达里欧最近在领英上对其新书《变化中的世界秩序》部分章节进行了更新,其中也表达了类似的看法。在这篇题为《金钱价值的变化》一文中,他驳斥了“现金是可持有的安全资产”的观点。在他看来,各国政府加印货币和降低利率等经济刺激手段,势必带来本国货币的贬值,这种情况下持有现金并非明智之举。</span></p>\n<p><span><b>Part 1. 货币:摆脱危机的好工具</b></span></p>\n<p><span>达里欧表示,紧缩(降低支出)、债务违约和重组、资金与信贷转移(例如提高税收)和印钱是应对债务危机的四种方法。但前三种方法可能会带来一些负面效果,例如税收会减少人们到手收入,债务违约和重组是另一种形式的财富再分配;相比而言,人们对印钱的接受度更高,因此成为各国应对经济衰退的主要措施。</span></p>\n<p><span>广义上来看,货币等于现金加上信贷;而狭义上,货币与现金可以等同,因此,要讨论现金的价值,首先要讨论货币。</span></p>\n<p><span>一方面,在经济下行的时候,多数政府会通过加印货币和降低利率等手段来刺激经济。随着市场上流通货币的增加、本国资金和外国投资者的资金外流,货币的市场价值必然会下降。</span></p>\n<p><span>另一方面,大部分经济危机的核心冲突是债务危机,应对方法就是让债务人拥有足够的现金流来偿还债务,这样,债务人不会为偿还旧债务而背上新的债务,债权人的资产也不会因此受损。而这些钱重新流入企业创造利润,实际股票价格增长,导致现金和债务资产的实际和预期回报降低。而债务贬值最终还是现金的贬值。</span></p>\n<p><span>由此看来,持有现金并不是绝对稳妥的资产配置选择,尤其是在经济下行、政府债台高筑的时候,现金可能比其他资产具有更高的贬值风险。为了避免债务危机的恶化,政府加印货币,必然会牺牲货币的价值。</span></p>\n<p><span><b>Part 2. 货币贬值与债务危机</b></span></p>\n<p><span>而在过去的170年里,曾出现过六次大幅度的货币贬值。在达里欧看来,货币贬值事件并不具有偶然性,它们与债务危机是紧密相关的。</span></p>\n<p><span>在战争时期,政府需要大量融资来填补战争支出的需求,而在战争结束后,因为战败国承担大量债务,也会出现货币贬值的情况。战争借贷导致了债务周期的崩溃和债务贬值,最终导致了战败国货币体系的崩溃和恶性的通货膨胀。</span></p>\n<p><span>二战后,德国马克的货币和信贷价值被抹去,甚至影响了德国的兴衰。二战期间,由于货币印刷、财富冲突和债务的积累,除了在战争中获得了大量黄金的美国外,大部分的参战国均出现了不同程度的货币贬值。</span></p>\n<p><span>同时,货币的贬值又会引起下一轮的债务危机。在货币制度更改后,全球出现了不同程度的货币贬值和债务危机。例如,在一战之前,大部分国家加入了金本位制,而实行银本位制的日本,因为白银的价格大跌而出现了大幅度的货币贬值。</span></p>\n<p><span>另外,60年代末,由于二战结束后的过度借贷,美国不得不率先结束布雷顿森林体系所规定的金本位货币体系,建立了以美元为基础的法定货币体系,这一行为使得以美元计价的货币和信贷大幅度增长,货币贬值,同时为1980年代的债务危机埋下了种子。</span></p>\n<p><span>债务的价值和货币的价值之间,存在相互作用、相互影响的关系,两者不断的贬值往往造成恶性循环。在面对债务危机时,政府投入更多现金流来拯救债务危机,从而造成了债务和现金的双重贬值。因此,虽然看上去手中的现金数量没有变化,但它实际的市场价值却大大降低。而且,货币贬值还会带来一系列的问题。</span></p>\n<p><span><b>Part 3. 贬值,不仅仅是贬值</b></span></p>\n<p><span>对于一个国家而言,货币贬值带来的不仅仅是货币价值的下降,甚至会带来货币国际地位的变动。这种情况下,投资者若持有大量现金,也是存在较大风险的。达里欧列举了荷兰、英国历史上的遭遇来说明这点。</span></p>\n<p><span>荷兰在近代历史上经历过数次战争,这些战争的支出为荷兰带来了巨额的债务,使得荷兰无力偿还自己的债务,从而导致了荷兰世界强国地位的动摇。最终,荷兰货币体系倒塌,在欧洲使用了近400年的荷兰盾退出历史舞台,货币贬值与恶性通胀接踵而至。</span></p>\n<p><span>类似的事情也曾发生在英国。由于“二战“的战争债务和国际收支的紧张,英国政府选择加印货币来弥补亏空,英镑因此出现了两次大的贬值;同时,迫于政治压力,部分持有英镑储备的投资者抛售英镑,导致英镑回报率下降,明显低于美元,最终英镑失去了其储备货币的地位,其持有者资产也因此大幅缩水。</span></p>\n<p><span>达里欧认为,通常一个国家失去其储备货币地位,主要有几种可能:</span></p>\n<p><span>1)已有的经济和政治优势逐渐丧失,而上升的竞争对手会造成脆弱性(例如,荷兰落后于英国,或英国落后于美国);</span></p>\n<p><span>2)中央银行通过印制大量的货币,来购买政府不断增长的债务,即债务货币化;</span></p>\n<p><span>3)货币贬值以自我强化的方式运行,但是由于财政和金融因素,加印货币不能停止,因为国际收支赤字太大,而且无法削减。</span></p>\n<p><span>虽然美元目前仍是全球储备货币,但是美元、欧元和日元处于长期债务周期的后期,当债务越高,持有这些债务资产的实际利率补偿越低,更多的新债务将会出现,风险越来越高,大幅度的贬值或主要储备货币丧失储备货币地位,其破坏性将是难以想象的。</span></p>\n<p><span>总而言之,“现金为王”的观点虽然看似有些道理,但是当遇到债务危机和量化宽松时,现金的实际价值可能并不能满足人们对收益的期待。这可能是在当前情况下,达里欧不建议投资者持有现金的原因所在。</span></p>","source":"lsy1583835599575","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>达里奥最新思考!美国疯狂印钞藏隐忧</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n达里奥最新思考!美国疯狂印钞藏隐忧\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2020-05-13 16:52 北京时间 <a href=https://www.gelonghui.com/p/372407><strong>远川投资评论</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>“现金为王”一直被很多投资者奉为金科玉律,尤其是在经济形势不好,市场表现不佳的时候,持有现金往往被看作最保险的选择。在新冠疫情的冲击下,全球经济大衰退,股市剧烈震荡,债市违约风险陡增,“现金为王”的呼声渐高。即使整天喊着“别人恐慌我贪婪”的股神巴菲特,现金持有量也破了记录。\n不过,也有投资大佬对现金嗤之以鼻,如全球最大对冲基金桥水创始人达里欧,就是典型代表。他不止一次在公开场合说过“现金就是垃圾”...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.gelonghui.com/p/372407\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/41f81b99b97a59da55dd70fd1af475cb","relate_stocks":{},"source_url":"https://www.gelonghui.com/p/372407","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1149766794","content_text":"“现金为王”一直被很多投资者奉为金科玉律,尤其是在经济形势不好,市场表现不佳的时候,持有现金往往被看作最保险的选择。在新冠疫情的冲击下,全球经济大衰退,股市剧烈震荡,债市违约风险陡增,“现金为王”的呼声渐高。即使整天喊着“别人恐慌我贪婪”的股神巴菲特,现金持有量也破了记录。\n不过,也有投资大佬对现金嗤之以鼻,如全球最大对冲基金桥水创始人达里欧,就是典型代表。他不止一次在公开场合说过“现金就是垃圾”的观点。虽然在今年一季度全球市场的暴跌中,达里欧被打脸,但他对于这一观点并没有改变,在4月初又重提了一次。\n达里欧最近在领英上对其新书《变化中的世界秩序》部分章节进行了更新,其中也表达了类似的看法。在这篇题为《金钱价值的变化》一文中,他驳斥了“现金是可持有的安全资产”的观点。在他看来,各国政府加印货币和降低利率等经济刺激手段,势必带来本国货币的贬值,这种情况下持有现金并非明智之举。\nPart 1. 货币:摆脱危机的好工具\n达里欧表示,紧缩(降低支出)、债务违约和重组、资金与信贷转移(例如提高税收)和印钱是应对债务危机的四种方法。但前三种方法可能会带来一些负面效果,例如税收会减少人们到手收入,债务违约和重组是另一种形式的财富再分配;相比而言,人们对印钱的接受度更高,因此成为各国应对经济衰退的主要措施。\n广义上来看,货币等于现金加上信贷;而狭义上,货币与现金可以等同,因此,要讨论现金的价值,首先要讨论货币。\n一方面,在经济下行的时候,多数政府会通过加印货币和降低利率等手段来刺激经济。随着市场上流通货币的增加、本国资金和外国投资者的资金外流,货币的市场价值必然会下降。\n另一方面,大部分经济危机的核心冲突是债务危机,应对方法就是让债务人拥有足够的现金流来偿还债务,这样,债务人不会为偿还旧债务而背上新的债务,债权人的资产也不会因此受损。而这些钱重新流入企业创造利润,实际股票价格增长,导致现金和债务资产的实际和预期回报降低。而债务贬值最终还是现金的贬值。\n由此看来,持有现金并不是绝对稳妥的资产配置选择,尤其是在经济下行、政府债台高筑的时候,现金可能比其他资产具有更高的贬值风险。为了避免债务危机的恶化,政府加印货币,必然会牺牲货币的价值。\nPart 2. 货币贬值与债务危机\n而在过去的170年里,曾出现过六次大幅度的货币贬值。在达里欧看来,货币贬值事件并不具有偶然性,它们与债务危机是紧密相关的。\n在战争时期,政府需要大量融资来填补战争支出的需求,而在战争结束后,因为战败国承担大量债务,也会出现货币贬值的情况。战争借贷导致了债务周期的崩溃和债务贬值,最终导致了战败国货币体系的崩溃和恶性的通货膨胀。\n二战后,德国马克的货币和信贷价值被抹去,甚至影响了德国的兴衰。二战期间,由于货币印刷、财富冲突和债务的积累,除了在战争中获得了大量黄金的美国外,大部分的参战国均出现了不同程度的货币贬值。\n同时,货币的贬值又会引起下一轮的债务危机。在货币制度更改后,全球出现了不同程度的货币贬值和债务危机。例如,在一战之前,大部分国家加入了金本位制,而实行银本位制的日本,因为白银的价格大跌而出现了大幅度的货币贬值。\n另外,60年代末,由于二战结束后的过度借贷,美国不得不率先结束布雷顿森林体系所规定的金本位货币体系,建立了以美元为基础的法定货币体系,这一行为使得以美元计价的货币和信贷大幅度增长,货币贬值,同时为1980年代的债务危机埋下了种子。\n债务的价值和货币的价值之间,存在相互作用、相互影响的关系,两者不断的贬值往往造成恶性循环。在面对债务危机时,政府投入更多现金流来拯救债务危机,从而造成了债务和现金的双重贬值。因此,虽然看上去手中的现金数量没有变化,但它实际的市场价值却大大降低。而且,货币贬值还会带来一系列的问题。\nPart 3. 贬值,不仅仅是贬值\n对于一个国家而言,货币贬值带来的不仅仅是货币价值的下降,甚至会带来货币国际地位的变动。这种情况下,投资者若持有大量现金,也是存在较大风险的。达里欧列举了荷兰、英国历史上的遭遇来说明这点。\n荷兰在近代历史上经历过数次战争,这些战争的支出为荷兰带来了巨额的债务,使得荷兰无力偿还自己的债务,从而导致了荷兰世界强国地位的动摇。最终,荷兰货币体系倒塌,在欧洲使用了近400年的荷兰盾退出历史舞台,货币贬值与恶性通胀接踵而至。\n类似的事情也曾发生在英国。由于“二战“的战争债务和国际收支的紧张,英国政府选择加印货币来弥补亏空,英镑因此出现了两次大的贬值;同时,迫于政治压力,部分持有英镑储备的投资者抛售英镑,导致英镑回报率下降,明显低于美元,最终英镑失去了其储备货币的地位,其持有者资产也因此大幅缩水。\n达里欧认为,通常一个国家失去其储备货币地位,主要有几种可能:\n1)已有的经济和政治优势逐渐丧失,而上升的竞争对手会造成脆弱性(例如,荷兰落后于英国,或英国落后于美国);\n2)中央银行通过印制大量的货币,来购买政府不断增长的债务,即债务货币化;\n3)货币贬值以自我强化的方式运行,但是由于财政和金融因素,加印货币不能停止,因为国际收支赤字太大,而且无法削减。\n虽然美元目前仍是全球储备货币,但是美元、欧元和日元处于长期债务周期的后期,当债务越高,持有这些债务资产的实际利率补偿越低,更多的新债务将会出现,风险越来越高,大幅度的贬值或主要储备货币丧失储备货币地位,其破坏性将是难以想象的。\n总而言之,“现金为王”的观点虽然看似有些道理,但是当遇到债务危机和量化宽松时,现金的实际价值可能并不能满足人们对收益的期待。这可能是在当前情况下,达里欧不建议投资者持有现金的原因所在。","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2440,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":950627469,"gmtCreate":1589378803851,"gmtModify":1704189699234,"author":{"id":"178763525534388","authorId":"178763525534388","name":"胡乐乐","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"178763525534388","authorIdStr":"178763525534388"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/WB\">$微博(WB)$</a>卖了京东换的你真是倒霉。","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/WB\">$微博(WB)$</a>卖了京东换的你真是倒霉。","text":"$微博(WB)$卖了京东换的你真是倒霉。","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":4,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/950627469","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1949,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":950624311,"gmtCreate":1589378631233,"gmtModify":1704189697505,"author":{"id":"178763525534388","authorId":"178763525534388","name":"胡乐乐","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"178763525534388","authorIdStr":"178763525534388"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/WB\">$微博(WB)$</a>人家跌你跌,人家涨你野爹。","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/WB\">$微博(WB)$</a>人家跌你跌,人家涨你野爹。","text":"$微博(WB)$人家跌你跌,人家涨你野爹。","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":4,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/950624311","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2611,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":901296882,"gmtCreate":1557759233346,"gmtModify":1704803113803,"author":{"id":"178763525534388","authorId":"178763525534388","name":"胡乐乐","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"178763525534388","authorIdStr":"178763525534388"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"$道琼斯(.DJI)$ 有种今天再拉红。","listText":"$道琼斯(.DJI)$ 有种今天再拉红。","text":"$道琼斯(.DJI)$ 有种今天再拉红。","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/901296882","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1830,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":903457624,"gmtCreate":1557242097168,"gmtModify":1704802124022,"author":{"id":"178763525534388","authorId":"178763525534388","name":"胡乐乐","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"178763525534388","authorIdStr":"178763525534388"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"$道琼斯(.DJI)$ 我查,这样让明天的A股又要千股跌停了。","listText":"$道琼斯(.DJI)$ 我查,这样让明天的A股又要千股跌停了。","text":"$道琼斯(.DJI)$ 我查,这样让明天的A股又要千股跌停了。","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":7,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/903457624","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":4463,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":909542236,"gmtCreate":1556550350225,"gmtModify":1704800729493,"author":{"id":"178763525534388","authorId":"178763525534388","name":"胡乐乐","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"178763525534388","authorIdStr":"178763525534388"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 新高新高再新高,老美跌一下会Si啊,我就做空你一手,你至于这样一直涨吗?","listText":"$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 新高新高再新高,老美跌一下会Si啊,我就做空你一手,你至于这样一直涨吗?","text":"$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 新高新高再新高,老美跌一下会Si啊,我就做空你一手,你至于这样一直涨吗?","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/909542236","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2300,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":909529497,"gmtCreate":1556545889119,"gmtModify":1704800698046,"author":{"id":"178763525534388","authorId":"178763525534388","name":"胡乐乐","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"178763525534388","authorIdStr":"178763525534388"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 新高新高再新高","listText":"$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 新高新高再新高","text":"$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 新高新高再新高","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/909529497","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2060,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":909810054,"gmtCreate":1556207071778,"gmtModify":1704800290134,"author":{"id":"178763525534388","authorId":"178763525534388","name":"胡乐乐","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/a4bd0019e127231fabb0264435296100","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"178763525534388","authorIdStr":"178763525534388"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 太高看A股影响力了,拉不下去啊,明天A股还跌,不信你子小子不下来","listText":"$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 太高看A股影响力了,拉不下去啊,明天A股还跌,不信你子小子不下来","text":"$纳斯达克(.IXIC)$ 太高看A股影响力了,拉不下去啊,明天A股还跌,不信你子小子不下来","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":5,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/909810054","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1771,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0}],"defaultTab":"following","isTTM":false}